Page 159 - 《精细化工》2020年第4期
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第 37 卷第 4 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.37, No.4
             202 0 年 4 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 Apr.    2020


              淀粉化学品
                普鲁兰酶改性 SNC-ZnO 增强马铃薯复合膜的制备



                          张露珍      1,2 ,唐亚丽      1,2* ,卢立新      1,2 ,潘   嘹     1,2 ,丘晓琳      1,2

                 (1.  江南大学  机械工程学院,江苏  无锡    214122;2.  江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室,江苏
                 无锡    214122)

                 摘要:用普鲁兰酶对马铃薯淀粉进行改性,以尿素为增塑剂,淀粉纳米晶(SNC)与纳米氧化锌(ZnO)为复
                 合增强剂,采用流延法制备复合膜。以单因素实验考察了增塑剂种类及用量、增强剂种类及用量对复合膜性能
                 的影响。以正交实验法探究淀粉酶解工艺,以复合膜的拉伸强度为指标,得到马铃薯淀粉的最佳酶解工艺为:
                 酶用量 0.8 U/g,反应温度 50  ℃,pH=4.0,反应时间 2 h。与未经酶处理的复合膜相比,马铃薯淀粉复合膜拉伸
                 强度增加 19.0%,断裂伸长率增加 42.8%,透明度增加 5.6%,雾度下降 67.4%,水蒸气透过系数下降 98.4%,透
                 油系数下降 52.5%。
                 关键词:马铃薯淀粉;尿素;淀粉纳米晶;纳米氧化锌;普鲁兰酶
                 中图分类号:TQ317.3      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2020) 04-0793-07


              Preparation of pullulanase modified SNC-ZnO enhanced potato composite films


                                                                                            1,2
                                                                              1,2
                                                                   1,2
                                          1,2
                           ZHANG Luzhen , TANG Yali    1,2* , LU Lixin , PAN Liao , QIU Xiaolin
                 (1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; 2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory
                 of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China)
                 Abstract: Potato starch was first modified by pullulanase. Then, composite films were prepared using urea
                 as  plasticizer, starch nanocrystal  (SNC)  and nano  zinc  oxide (ZnO)  as  composite  reinforcing  agents,  by
                 casting  method.  The  effects  of  plasticizer  type  and  dosage,  reinforcing  agent  type  and  dosage  on  the
                 properties of composite film were investigated by single factor experiments. The amylolytic process was
                 explored  by  orthogonal  experiments.  The  optimal  enzymatic  hydrolysis  process  of  potato  starch  was
                 obtained by using tensile strength of composite film as index: enzyme dosage 0.8 U/g, reaction temperature
                 50  ℃, pH=4.0, reaction time 2 h. Compared with those of the composite film without enzyme treatment,
                 the tensile strength of the prepared potato starch composite film was increased by 19.0%, the elongation at
                 break was increased by 42.8%, the transparency was increased by 5.6%, the haze was decreased by 67.4%,
                 the water vapor transmission coefficient was decreased by 98.4%, and the oil permeability coefficient was
                 decreased by 52.5%.
                 Key words: potato starch; urea; starch nanocrystals; nano zinc oxide; pullulanase


                 石油基高分子塑料以性能和价格优势广泛应                           在技术上存在的问题是淀粉含量过高,而淀粉塑料
            用于人们的生产和生活中,但是其难以降解对环境                             本身存在易回生、机械性能较差、易水解而导致力
            造成了巨大压力,开发绿色可降解材料已刻不容                              学性能下降的问题。所以,目前对淀粉的改性主要
            缓,而淀粉作为一种广泛存在的天然资源,有非常                             集中在机械性能和对羟基的有效化处理上。但是,
            大的应用前景。全淀粉塑料中淀粉质量分数在 90%                           目前存在的问题是羟基取代度不高,反应效率低等
                                            [1]
            以上,是淀粉塑料发展的终极目标 。全淀粉塑料                             问题。


                 收稿日期:2019-08-01;  定用日期:2019-11-20; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190752
                 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31671909)
                 作者简介:张露珍(1994—),女,硕士生,E-mail:1341644631@qq.com。联系人:唐亚丽(1982—),女,副教授,E-mail:
                 tyl@jiangnan.edu.cn。
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