Page 105 - 《精细化工》2020年第5期
P. 105

第 37 卷第 5 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.37, No.5
             202 0 年 5 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 May    2020


              功能材料
                           纳米 SiO 改性水性聚脲的制备与性能
                                           2


                                                                                 *
                                       王伟烽,李   根,李培礼,朱广军
                                        (南京理工大学  化工学院,江苏  南京    210094)


                 摘要:采用纳米二氧化硅(SiO 2 )为改性剂,以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚胺(D2000)、二羟甲基丙酸
                 (DMPA)、乙二胺(EDA)、3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)以及三乙胺(TEA)为主要原料,通过溶胶-凝
                 胶法制备了纳米 SiO 2 改性水性聚脲。利用 FTIR、TEM、SEM、TGA 等对聚合物结构与性能进行了表征与测试,
                 并且研究了纳米 SiO 2 含量(纳米 SiO 2 占 IPDI、D2000、DMPA、EDA、KH550、TEA 总质量的百分比,下同)
                 对水性聚脲乳液和涂膜性能的影响。结果表明:随着纳米 SiO 2 含量的增加,水性聚脲乳液的粒径增大,黏度变
                 大,涂膜的吸水率降低,拉伸强度先变大后变小,接触角变大和断裂伸长率降低。当体系中纳米 SiO 2 质量分数
                 为 2.0%时,涂膜的综合性能最佳,吸水率和水接触角分别为 11.12%、75.24°;改性后的涂膜相比未改性的涂膜
                 热分解温度提高 10  ℃左右。
                 关键词:溶胶-凝胶法;纳米二氧化硅;水性聚脲;改性;涂膜;功能材料
                 中图分类号:TQ630      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2020) 05-0955-07



                  Preparation and properties of nano-SiO 2 modified waterborne polyurea


                                                                                  *
                                      WANG Weifeng, LI Gen, LI Peili, ZHU Guangjun
                   (School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China)

                 Abstract: A series of nano-silica (SiO 2) modified waterborne polyurea emulsions were prepared by sol-gel
                 method using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyether amine (D2000), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA),
                 ethylenediamine  (EDA),  3-aminopropyl  triethoxysilane  (KH550),  and  triethylamine  (TEA)  as  main  raw
                 materials, nano-silica as modifier. The structure and properties of the polymers were characterized by FTIR,
                 TEM, SEM and TGA. The effects of nano-SiO 2 content (the percentage of nano-SiO 2 in the total mass of
                 IPDI、D2000、DMPA、EDA、KH550、TEA, the same below) on the properties of the waterborne polyurea
                 emulsions  and  films  were  studied.  The  results  showed  that  with  the  increase  of  nano-SiO 2  content,  the
                 particle size and viscosity of waterborne polyurea emulsion increased, the water absorption of the coating
                 decreased,  the  tensile  strength  increased  first  and  then  decreased,  the  contact  angle  increased  and  the
                 elongation at break decreased. When the content of nano-SiO 2 was 20%, the prepared coating exhibited the
                 best  comprehensive  performance,  the  water  absorption  and  the  contact  angle  were  11.12%  and  75.24°,
                 respectively. Moreover, the thermal decomposition temperature of the modified coating was higher about
                 10  ℃  than that of the unmodified coating.
                 Key words: sol-gel method; nano-SiO 2; waterborne polyurea; modification; coating; functional materials


                 聚脲一般是由异氰酸酯组分和氨基化合物组分                          耐酸碱性等降低,因此,需要对水性聚脲进行改性
            反应生成的一种弹性体,被广泛用于防腐耐磨领域                             以提升材料的性能。
            [1-4] 。聚脲中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量较高,                           纳米 SiO 2 为无定形的白色粉末,是一种无毒、无

            对环境存在一定的污染,无法满足人们对于绿色环                             味、无污染的非金属材料,其分子呈三维链状结构,
                                                                                                   [5]
            保的需求,通过引入水性基团可以制备绿色环保的                             具有良好的化学稳定性、高硬度等优点 。目前,
            水性聚脲,但是会导致聚脲材料的耐水性、耐热性、                            已有文献报道用纳米 SiO 2 改性水性聚氨酯,如 GUO


                 收稿日期:2019-11-10;  定用日期:2020-02-24; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20191064
                 作者简介:王伟烽(1995—),男,硕士生,E-mail:240357413@qq.com。联系人:朱广军(1963—),男,教授,E-mail:zhugj@njust.edu.cn。
   100   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   109   110