Page 105 - 《精细化工》2020年第5期
P. 105
第 37 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.5
202 0 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2020
功能材料
纳米 SiO 改性水性聚脲的制备与性能
2
*
王伟烽,李 根,李培礼,朱广军
(南京理工大学 化工学院,江苏 南京 210094)
摘要:采用纳米二氧化硅(SiO 2 )为改性剂,以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚胺(D2000)、二羟甲基丙酸
(DMPA)、乙二胺(EDA)、3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)以及三乙胺(TEA)为主要原料,通过溶胶-凝
胶法制备了纳米 SiO 2 改性水性聚脲。利用 FTIR、TEM、SEM、TGA 等对聚合物结构与性能进行了表征与测试,
并且研究了纳米 SiO 2 含量(纳米 SiO 2 占 IPDI、D2000、DMPA、EDA、KH550、TEA 总质量的百分比,下同)
对水性聚脲乳液和涂膜性能的影响。结果表明:随着纳米 SiO 2 含量的增加,水性聚脲乳液的粒径增大,黏度变
大,涂膜的吸水率降低,拉伸强度先变大后变小,接触角变大和断裂伸长率降低。当体系中纳米 SiO 2 质量分数
为 2.0%时,涂膜的综合性能最佳,吸水率和水接触角分别为 11.12%、75.24°;改性后的涂膜相比未改性的涂膜
热分解温度提高 10 ℃左右。
关键词:溶胶-凝胶法;纳米二氧化硅;水性聚脲;改性;涂膜;功能材料
中图分类号:TQ630 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2020) 05-0955-07
Preparation and properties of nano-SiO 2 modified waterborne polyurea
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WANG Weifeng, LI Gen, LI Peili, ZHU Guangjun
(School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China)
Abstract: A series of nano-silica (SiO 2) modified waterborne polyurea emulsions were prepared by sol-gel
method using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyether amine (D2000), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA),
ethylenediamine (EDA), 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550), and triethylamine (TEA) as main raw
materials, nano-silica as modifier. The structure and properties of the polymers were characterized by FTIR,
TEM, SEM and TGA. The effects of nano-SiO 2 content (the percentage of nano-SiO 2 in the total mass of
IPDI、D2000、DMPA、EDA、KH550、TEA, the same below) on the properties of the waterborne polyurea
emulsions and films were studied. The results showed that with the increase of nano-SiO 2 content, the
particle size and viscosity of waterborne polyurea emulsion increased, the water absorption of the coating
decreased, the tensile strength increased first and then decreased, the contact angle increased and the
elongation at break decreased. When the content of nano-SiO 2 was 20%, the prepared coating exhibited the
best comprehensive performance, the water absorption and the contact angle were 11.12% and 75.24°,
respectively. Moreover, the thermal decomposition temperature of the modified coating was higher about
10 ℃ than that of the unmodified coating.
Key words: sol-gel method; nano-SiO 2; waterborne polyurea; modification; coating; functional materials
聚脲一般是由异氰酸酯组分和氨基化合物组分 耐酸碱性等降低,因此,需要对水性聚脲进行改性
反应生成的一种弹性体,被广泛用于防腐耐磨领域 以提升材料的性能。
[1-4] 。聚脲中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量较高, 纳米 SiO 2 为无定形的白色粉末,是一种无毒、无
对环境存在一定的污染,无法满足人们对于绿色环 味、无污染的非金属材料,其分子呈三维链状结构,
[5]
保的需求,通过引入水性基团可以制备绿色环保的 具有良好的化学稳定性、高硬度等优点 。目前,
水性聚脲,但是会导致聚脲材料的耐水性、耐热性、 已有文献报道用纳米 SiO 2 改性水性聚氨酯,如 GUO
收稿日期:2019-11-10; 定用日期:2020-02-24; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20191064
作者简介:王伟烽(1995—),男,硕士生,E-mail:240357413@qq.com。联系人:朱广军(1963—),男,教授,E-mail:zhugj@njust.edu.cn。