Page 104 - 《精细化工》2020年第5期
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·954·                             精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 37 卷

                 从图 11 可以看出，喷洒水的煤样在振荡过程中                       在此条件下制备的产品稳定性良好、成膜柔软、热
            损失的煤粉量相较于喷洒阻燃抑尘剂的煤粉有非常                             稳定性高。应用性能测试结果表明，该产品具有良
            明显的差异，20  h 后经水处理的煤粉损失率达到                          好的抑尘及阻燃性能，在实际应用中可以有效抑制
            34.6%，喷洒市售抑尘剂的煤样吹蚀 3 h 后损失率为                       煤尘污染及煤炭自燃，具有较好的应用前景。
            4.3%，而经阻燃抑尘剂处理的煤粉 20 h 后损失率仅
                                                               参考文献：
            为 1.4%，相较于水处理的煤样下降了 96.0%，较市
                                                               [1]   XIE  H  P  (谢和平),  WU  L  X  (吴立新), ZHENG D Z (郑德志).
            售抑尘剂处理的煤样下降了 67.4%。因为喷洒抑尘
                                                                   Prediction on the energy consumption and coal demand of China in
            剂后煤粉被紧密的粘结在一起，形成一定强度的固                                 2025[J]. Journal of Coal (煤炭学报), 2019, 44(7): 1949-1960.
            结层，从而在振荡过程中可以减缓煤粉的损失。由                             [2]   WU J (吴静), SONG X M (宋晓明), LIU S (刘硕), et al. Advances
                                                                   in  research  on  atmospheric  particulate  matter  pollution  and
            此可见，该抑尘剂对煤粉的抗振荡性能有明显提高。
                                                                   carcinogenesis in China[J]. Science and Technology Guide (科技导
                                                                   报), 2018, 36(15): 32-38.
            2.3.4    阻燃性能测试                                    [3]   YANG S Y (杨树莹), ZHOU L (周磊), YANG L J (杨林军), et al.
                 以高温条件下排放的 CO 质量浓度作为阻燃效                            Inhibition  characteristics  of  polymer  dust  suppressants  on  fine
                                                                   particles in brown coal mines[J]. Journal of Coal (煤炭学报), 2019,
            果参考标准，测试结果如图 12 所示。
                                                                   44(2): 528-535.

                                                               [4]   HUANG Z A, LIU X H, GAO Y K, et al. Experimental study on the
                                                                   compound  system  of  proanthocyanidin  and  polyethylene  glycol  to
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                                                                   1-10[2019-10-10]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.06.018.
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                                                                   and Technology (中国矿业大学), 2019.
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                                                               [8]   MEDEIROS M A,  LEITE C M M,  LAGO R M.  Use  of glycerol
                     图 12  CO 质量浓度与温度的关系                           by-product  of  biodiesel  to  produce  an efficient dust  suppressant[J].
            Fig. 12    Relationship between CO mass concentration and   Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012, 180: 364-369.
                    temperature                                [9]   ZHOU G, DING J F, SUN J, et al. Preparation and performance of a
                                                                   composite  gel  as  a  dust  suppressant  for  coal  transportation  and
                 由图 12 可知，喷洒水的煤粉随着温度的上升，                           storage[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2019, 136(31): 1-12.
                                                               [10]  ZHANG H H, NIE W, LIU Y H, et al. Synthesis and performance
            CO 质量浓度上升较为明显，高温下 CO 质量浓度
                                                                   measurement of environment-friendly solidified dust suppressant for
                                    –4
            在 150 ℃下达到了 5.79×10  g/L，而喷洒阻燃抑尘                       open  pit  coalmine[J].  Journal  of  Applied  Polymer  Science,  2018,
            剂的煤粉的 CO 质量浓度随着温度升高上升较小，                               135(29): 1-11.
                                                               [11]  JIN H, NIE W, ZHANG H H, et al. Preparation and characterization
                                         –4
            150  ℃高温下只达到了 1.88×10  g/L，与喷洒水的
                                                                   of a novel environmentally friendly coal dust suppressant[J]. Journal
            煤粉的 CO 质量浓度相比下降了 67.5%。这是因为，                           of Applied Polymer Science, 2019, 136(17): 1-11.
            植酸中含有大量的磷酸酯基，加入植酸后磷酸酯受                             [12]  VITOLINA S, SHULGA G, NEIBERTE B, et al. New environmentally
                                                                   friendly  dust  suppressant  based  on  lignocellulosic  biomass  from
            热分解成磷酸、多聚磷酸、聚偏磷酸，形成一层玻                                 wood processing wastewater[J]. Journal of Environment, Technology
            璃态熔融物，附着在煤粉表面形成阻隔层，起到阻                                 and Resources, 2017, 3: 343-349.
            隔氧气并减少 CO 释放的作用             [26] 。说明该阻燃抑尘          [13]  WANG Y H (王永慧), JIA Z C (贾志超), JIANG L T (蒋林天), et al.
                                                                   Microwave polymerization preparation and performance characterization
            剂在一定程度上具有防止煤尘自燃的效果。                                    of  bagasse  dust  suppressant[J].  Journal  of  Environmental  Engineering
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            3    结论                                            [14]  WANG Z Y (王振宇).  Study  on  mechanism  and  properties  of
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                 以环氧树脂 E-51、苯乙烯(St)、甲基丙烯酸                          Taiyuan University of Technology (太原理工大学), 2019.
                                                               [15]  LAI S L, CHAI Q, WANG B, et al. Preparation and application of
            (MAA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、植酸等为原料，采用微                             polymer  dust  suppressants  in  coal  transportation  under  microwave
            波方法制备了同时具有阻燃和抑尘两种性能的软膜                                 irradiation[J].  Advanced  Materials  Research,  2012,  396/397/398:
            型 阻 燃 抑尘剂 。其 较佳制 备工 艺为： m(BA) ∶                        1632-1635.
                                                               [16]  WOO J T K, TING V, EVANS J, et al. Water dispersible epoxy-g-
            m(St)=2∶1，引发剂用量 0.6%，乳化剂用量为 6%，                        acrylic  copolymer  for  container  coating[M].  New  York:  American
            m(MS-1)∶m(OP-10)=2∶3，E-51 用量为 6%，植酸                    Chemical Society, 1983: 283-300.

            用量为 2%，微波功率 100 W，微波辐射时间 90 min。                                                 （下转第 1023 页）
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