Page 40 - 《精细化工》2020年第8期
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·1538· 精细化工 FINE CHEMICALS 第 37 卷
临界 CO 2 二元体系降低了 14.2%~44.1%,分散黄 119 their application in textiles[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2019,
的溶解度则增加了 163%~750%。上述研究显示,可 36(1): 1-6.
以在超临界 CO 2 染色拼色过程中,实现部分染料的 [2] ZHENG H D, XU Y Y, ZHANG J, et al. An ecofriendly dyeing of
wool with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid[J]. Journal of Cleaner
溶解度增溶作用。
Production, 2017, 143: 269-277.
2.3.3 离子液体增溶 [3] ZHENG H D (郑环达), ZHENG Y Z (郑禹忠),YUE C J (岳成君),
离子液体通常具有极低的挥发性和高官能度, et al. Research progress on engineering technology of supercritical
对诸多有机物显示了良好的溶解性能,广泛应用于 carbon dioxide fluid dyeing[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2018,
35(9): 1449-1456, 1471.
合成、溶解、分离等领域 [45] 。但其具有的高黏度与
[4] ZHENG H D, ZHANG J, YAN J, et al. An industrial scale multiple
低扩散系数,却在一定程度上限制了其更大的适用 supercritical carbon dioxide apparatus and its eco-friendly dyeing
性。李柯等 [46] 利用制备的两种咪唑啉类离子液体 production[J]. Journal of CO 2 Utilization, 2016, 16: 272-281.
[Bmim]Cl、[Bmim]Br 进行了分散红 60 和分散蓝 [5] ZHENG H D (郑环达), ZHENG L J (郑来久). Research development
of supercritical fluid dyeing and finishing technology[J]. Journal of
395 的溶解性研究。结果显示,在最适温度 90 ℃
Textile Research (纺织学报), 2015, 36(9): 141-148.
下溶解 40 min 后,分散蓝 395 相较分散红 60 显示 [6] YADOLLAH Y, NAADER B. Solubility of polycyclic aromatic
了更大的溶解度。在此基础上,利用具有低黏度和 hydrocarbons in supercritical carbon dioxide[J]. Journal of Chemical
高扩散性的超临界 CO 2 流体与离子液体相结合,可 & Engineering Data, 2000, 45: 53-56.
[7] JAVAD F, YADOLLAH Y, FARAHNAZ N, et al. Investigations on
以改善传质;通过发挥两种绿色溶剂的溶解特点,
the solubilities of some disperse azo dyes in supercritical carbon
有望获得染料增溶的新方法。此外,共溶剂的存在, dioxide[J]. Dyes and Pigments, 2004, 63: 161-168.
也可以提升离子液体在超临界 CO 2 中的溶解度,从 [8] SUNG H, SHIM J. Solubility of C. I. disperse red 60 and C. I.
而获得溶解性能更优异的超临界 CO 2 /离子液体体 disperse blue 60 in supercritical carbon dioxide[J]. Journal of
Chemical & Engineering Data, 1999, 44: 985-989.
系。研究发现,不同共溶剂对 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑醋
[9] BAO P, DAI J J. Relationships between the solubility of C. I.
酸盐( [Bmim]Ac )、 1- 乙基 -3- 甲基 咪唑醋酸 盐 disperse red 60 and uptake on PET in supercritical CO 2[J]. Journal of
([Emim]Ac)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚 Chemical & Engineering Data, 2005, 50: 838-842.
[10] LIN H M, LIU C Y, CHENG C H, et al. Solubilities of disperse dyes
胺盐([Bmim][NTf 2 ])3 种离子液体在超临界 CO 2
of blue 79, red 153, and yellow 119 in supercritical carbon dioxide[J].
流体中的增溶效果为:乙醇>DMSO>丙酮>乙腈,且
Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2001, 21: 1-9.
溶解度随着共溶剂用量的增加不断提高 [47] 。 [11] SHINODA T, TAMURA K. Solubilities of C.I. disperse orange 25
and C.I. disperse blue 354 in supercritical carbon dioxide[J]. Journal
3 结束与展望 of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2003, 48: 869-873.
[12] FERRI A, BANCHERO M, MANNA L, et al. An experimental
染料在超临界流体中的溶解性能作为超临界 technique for measuring high solubilities of dyes in supercritical
CO 2 无水染色技术的理论基础,与染料向纤维的吸 carbon dioxide[J]. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2004, 30: 41-49.
[13] LEE K J, KIM H S, YOO K P, et al. Measurement of solubility for
附速率、扩散速率、上染率等直接相关,并直接影
disperse dyestuffs in supercritical carbon dioxide by using in situ UV-
响着纺织材料的颜色性能与染色质量,是制约超临 Visible spectroscopy with optical fibers[J]. Frontiers on Separation
界 CO 2 无水染色产业化应用的关键问题之一。在后 Science and Technology, 2004, 122-125.
续工作中尚需在以下方面进行深入研究: [14] RODRIGUEZ-MEIZOSO I, LAZOR P, TURNER C. In situ Raman
spectroscopy for the evaluation of solubility in supercritical carbon
(1)进一步剖析染料分子结构对其溶解性能的
dioxide mixtures[J]. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2012, 65: 87-92.
作用原理及影响规律,为超临界 CO 2 流体无水染色 [15] CHAMPEAU M, THOMASSIN J, JÉRÔME C, et al. In situ
专用染料设计提供理论依据。 investigation of supercritical CO 2 assisted impregnation of drugs into
(2)进一步发展准确、高效的染料溶解度测试 a polymer by high pressure FTIR micro-spectroscopy[J]. Analyst,
2015, 140(3): 869-879.
装置及方法,建立适用的染料溶解度预测模型,形
[16] BANCHERO M, FERRI A, MANNA L, et al. Solubility of disperse
成超临界 CO 2 中染料溶解行为数据库。 dyes in supercritical carbon dioxide and ethanol[J]. Fluid Phase
(3)基于染料溶解性能筛选或合成在超临界 Equilibria, 2006, 243: 107-114.
CO 2 流体中配伍性良好的分散染料,对拼色和配色 [17] PARK S, TUMA D, KIM S, et al. Sorption of C. I. disperse red 60 in
polystyrene and PMMA films and polyester and nylon 6 textiles in
进行系统研究是推进超临界 CO 2 无水染色产业化应
the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide[J]. Korean Journal of
用的关键。 Chemical Engineering, 2010, 27(1): 299-309.
[18] LI Z Y (李志义), LIU X W (刘学武), WANG X J (王晓娟), et al.
参考文献:
Equilibrium concentration partition of disperse dyes between
[1] ZHENG H D (郑环达), ZHONG Y (钟毅), ZHENG L J (郑来久), supercritical CO 2 and polyester fibres[J]. Journal of Chemical
et al. Research progress on supercritical CO 2 microemulsions and Engineering of Chinese Universities (高校化学工程学报), 2007,