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·2032·                            精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 38 卷

            抗污染测试，结果见图 11。由图 11 可见，MB 溶液                       的相容性，提高了 PA 分离层的交联度，进一步显
            经过复合纳滤膜过滤后，滤出液均为无色，说明复                             著提高了复合纳滤膜的脱盐性能。在 0.6 MPa 下，
            合纳滤膜对 MB 具有较好的截留效果。复合纳滤膜                           复合纳滤膜 PA-2 的 PA 分离层厚度显著降低，纯水
                                                                                 2
            的通量恢复率、通量衰减率、不可逆通量衰减率及                             通量可达 24.05 L/(m ·h)，对 MgSO 4 、Na 2 SO 4 、NaCl
            可逆通量衰减率的计算结果见表 5。由于静电吸附                            和 MgCl 2 均具有较高的截留率，分别为 97.34%、
            作用，复合纳滤膜 PA-1 和 PA-2 经过 8 h MB 溶液过                 93.57%、89.31%和 85.16%。此外，复合纳滤膜 PA-2
            滤后，水通量均有所下降，通量恢复率分别为                               的表面负电荷密度低于 PA-1，经过 8 h MB 溶液污
            96.70%和 98.82%，通量衰减率分别 为 6.50%和                    染并采用超纯水对其进行错流清洗后，PA-2 的通量
            10.82%。经过超纯水对复合纳滤膜进行 2 h 的错流                       恢复率高于 PA-1，具有更优异的抗污染性能。
            清洗后，PA-1、PA-2 的水通量均得到一定恢复，可
                                                               参考文献：
            逆通量恢复率分别为 3.21%、9.64%，不可逆通量恢
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