Page 66 - 《精细化工》2021年第10期

第 38 卷第 10 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.10
2021 年 10 月 FINE CHEMICALS Oct. 2021

功能材料
弹性石墨烯气凝胶的制备及对含油污水的吸附

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柳泽鑫 ，顾学林 ，陈 爽 ，刘会娥 ，王淑坤 ，张 欢
〔1. 中国石油大学（华东） 重质油国家重点实验室，山东 青岛 266580；2. 中国石化集团胜利石油管
理局有限公司供水分公司，山东 东营 257000〕
摘要：采用冰模板和两步水热还原法通过常压干燥制备了石墨烯气凝胶（RGA）。利用 SEM 观察 RGA 的微
观形貌，利用 XRD、XPS、FTIR 和 Raman 光谱技术对氧化石墨烯（GO）的还原情况进行分析。用电子万能
试验机对 RGA 进行压缩回弹实验。结果证明，RGA 具有优异的压缩回弹性能（在 50%应变下压缩回弹 200
次后 RGA 仍能迅速回弹至原始高度，且外形和高度没有明显变化）。平衡模拟含油污水吸附性能测试表明，
RGA 经过 270 min 的吸附即可趋于吸附平衡，其对水中乳化油的平衡吸附量达到 1466.325 mg/g，RGA 对含
油污水的吸附动力学模型符合准二级动力学模型；内扩散模型表明，RGA 对含油污水的吸附分为 RGA 表面
的大孔扩散、内部的中孔扩散和微孔扩散 3 个阶段；循环吸附结果表明，RGA 对含油污水具有优异的循环吸
附性能（循环吸附 14 次的吸附量均保持在 1400~1450 mg/g）；对实际污水的吸附结果表明，RGA 对实际污水
的去除率可以达到 90%以上，并且可以循环使用。
关键词：石墨烯气凝胶；常压干燥；含油污水；吸附；动力学模型；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ424；X703 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 10-1996-08

Preparation of elastic graphene aerogel and its adsorption on oily waste water

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LIU Zexin , GU Xuelin , CHEN Shuang , LIU Hui'e , WANG Shukun , ZHANG Huan
（1. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China;
2. Sinopec Group Sheng Li Petroleum Administration Co., Ltd., Water Supply Branch, Dongying 257000, Shandong, China）
Abstract: Graphene aerogel (RGA) was prepared by ice template and two-step hydrothermal reduction
through ambient pressure drying. The microstructure of RGA was observed by SEM. The reduction of
graphene oxide (GO) was analyzed by XRD, XPS, FTIR and Raman. The compression spring back experiment
of RGA was carried out on electronic universal testing machine. The results showed that RGA had excellent
compression spring back energy (under 50% strain, after 200 times of compression spring back, RGA could
still bounce back to the original height quickly without obvious changes in shape and height). The
adsorption performance test of simulated oily waste water indicated that RGA tended to adsorption
equilibrium after 270 min of adsorption, and the adsorption capacity of RGA to emulsified oil in water
reached 1466.325 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic model of RGA for oily waste water conformed to the quasi-
second-order kinetic model. The internal diffusion model displayed that the adsorption of oily waste water
by RGA was divided into three stages, macropore diffusion on the surface of RGA, mesopore diffusion and
micropore diffusion inside RGA. The cyclic adsorption results showed that RGA had excellent cyclic
adsorption performance for oily waste water (after 14 cycles, the adsorption capacity still kept between
1400 and 1450 mg/g). It was found that the removal rate of the actual sewage by RGA could reach more
than 90%, and it could be recycled.
Key words: graphene aerogel; ambient pressure drying; oily sewage; adsorption; kinetic modeling; functional
materials

收稿日期：2021-03-23; 定用日期：2021-06-08; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210302
基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目（22078366）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2017MB015）；中国石油科技创新基金（2017D-5007-0601）
作者简介：柳泽鑫（1997—），男，硕士生。联系人：陈 爽（1973—），女，副教授，E-mail：chsh1030@163.com。