Page 193 - 《精细化工》2020年第2期

第 38 卷第 2 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.2
202 1 年 2 月 FINE CHEMICALS Feb. 2021

水处理技术与环境保护
硝酸改性污泥基生物炭除 U(Ⅵ)效果及机理分析

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莫官海 ，农海杜 ，胡 青 ，谢水波 ，刘红娟 ，曾涛涛
（1. 南华大学 污染控制与资源化技术湖南省高校重点实验室，湖南 衡阳 421001；2. 南华大学 核科学
技术学院，湖南 衡阳 421001）
摘要：以城市污泥为原料制备出污泥基生物炭（SSB），并通过硝酸酸化处理得到硝酸改性污泥基生物炭
（SSB-AO），探究了 SSB-AO 投加量、溶液初始 pH、离子强度、吸附时间、U(Ⅵ)初始质量浓度以及吸附温度
对 SSB-AO 去除 U(Ⅵ)的影响，通过 SEM-EDS、FTIR 及 XPS 分析 SSB-AO 对 U(Ⅵ)的去除机理。结果表明：
SSB-AO 对 U(Ⅵ)的吸附符合拟二级动力学模型，吸附过程以化学吸附为主；等温吸附过程符合 Langmuir 模型。
在 30 ℃、NaNO 3 浓度为 0.01 mol/L、吸附时间 300 min、初始 pH=6、U(Ⅵ)初始质量浓度为 10~100 mg/L 及 SSB-AO
投加量为0.6 g/L的条件下，SSB-AO去除U(Ⅵ)的理论最大吸附量为80.34 mg/g；通过5次吸附-解吸实验，SSB-AO
对 U(Ⅵ)的去除率保持在 88%以上，说明 SSB-AO 具有良好的重复使用性；SSB-AO 去除 U(Ⅵ)的机理为 SSB-AO
内层络合作用、静电作用以及离子交换。SSB-AO 能有效地提高对 U(Ⅵ)的吸附能力，该研究为处理含 U(Ⅵ)废
水提供借鉴。
关键词：酸化；污泥基生物炭；放射性废水；U(Ⅵ)；机理；水处理技术
中图分类号：X703 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 02-0395-09

U(Ⅵ) removal efficiency and mechanism by acidified

sewage sludge-derived biochar

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MO Guanhai , NONG Haidu , HU Qing , XIE Shuibo , LIU Hongjuan , ZENG Taotao
（1. Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Technology, University of South China,
Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China; 2. School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang
421001, Hunan, China）
Abstract: Sewage sludge-derived biochar (SSB) was prepared from sewage sludge and then modified by
nitric acid to obtain acidified sewage sludge-derived biochar (SSB-AO). The effects of SSB-AO dosage,
initial pH of solution, coexisting ions strength, adsorption time, initial mass concentration of U(Ⅵ) and
adsorption temperature on the removal of U(Ⅵ) by SSB-AO were investigated. The removal mechanism
was analyzed by SEM-EDS, FTIR and XPS. The results showed that the adsorption of U(Ⅵ) by SSB-AO
was in accordance with the pseudo second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption progress was mainly
chemical adsorption. The isotherm adsorption process was conformed to Langmuir model. Under the
conditions of 30 ℃, 0.01 mol/L NaNO 3, adsorption time of 300 min，initial pH of 6, initial U(Ⅵ) mass
concentration in range of 10~100 mg/L and SSB-AO dosage of 0.6 g/L, the theoretical maximum
adsorption capacity of SSB-AO to U(Ⅵ) was 80.34 mg/g. The adsorption efficiency of SSB-AO was more
than 88% after five adsorption desorption tests, indicating that SSB-AO had excellent reusability. The
mechanism of U(Ⅵ) removal by SSB-AO included inner surface complexation, electrostatic adsorption and
ion exchange. SSB-AO can effectively improve the adsorption capacity of U(Ⅵ), which provides a
reference for the treatment of wastewater containing U(Ⅵ).
Key words: acidification; sewage sludge-derived biochar; radioactive wastewater; U(Ⅵ); mechanism;
water treatment technology

收稿日期：2020-07-08; 定用日期：2020-09-14; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200612
基金项目：湖南省教育厅创新平台开放基金项目（19K081）
作者简介：莫官海（1994—），男，硕士生，E-mail：1269683703@qq.com。联系人：曾涛涛（1985—），男，副教授，E-mail：biowater@126.com。