Page 202 - 《精细化工》2021年第6期
P. 202

第 38 卷第 6 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.38, No.6
             202 1 年 6 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 June  2021


              黏合剂
                        微波加热下含铬革屑助废弃竹屑的半液化



                                                                           *
                                             蒲红霞,戴   睿,单志华
                                (四川大学  制革清洁技术国家工程研究中心,四川  成都  610065)


                 摘要:以废弃竹屑为原料,在含铬革屑(LS)、盐酸和少量苯酚微波辅助形成的液化助剂作用下,制备了一种半
                 液化竹粉,用于竹木板材的黏合。采用单因素实验,考察液化时间、液化温度、LS 用量以及液固比〔m(水)∶
                 m(竹粉)〕对液化效果的影响。用 FTIR、SEM 与 DSC 表征分析了竹粉半液化前后差别。在 LS 用量为 12%(以
                 竹粉质量为基准,下同),液固比为 5∶1,微波加热温度 150  ℃反应 15 min 的条件下,竹粉的液化率可达 60.95%。
                 结果表明,LS 对竹粉具有催化液化作用,且制备的液化产品作为黏合剂制备胶合板能满足 GB/T 9846—2015《普
                 通胶合板》中Ⅱ类胶合板指标。该研究为两种废弃物的资源化利用提供参考。
                 关键词:废弃竹子;铬革屑;半液化;催化;微波;黏合剂
                 中图分类号:X72      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2021) 06-1264-07



                    Chromium-containing leather shavings assisted semi-liquefaction of
                                    waste bamboo under microwave heating


                                                                             *
                                           PU Hongxia, DAI Rui, SHAN Zhihua
                 (National Engineering Research Center for Tannery Clean Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan,
                 China)


                 Abstract: A semi-liquefied bamboo powder for the bonding of bamboo and wood boards was prepared
                 using waste bamboo as raw material under the action of a liquefaction aid formed by chromium-containing
                 leather shavings (LS), hydrochloric acid  and a small amount of  phenol  under microwave heating. The
                 effects  of liquefaction time, liquefaction temperature, LS dosage  and liquid-solid  ratio  [m(water)∶
                 m(bamboo  powder)]  on the liquefaction  effect  were investigated  by single-factor experiments. The
                 difference of bamboo powder before and after semi-liquefaction was analyzed by FTIR, SEM and DSC.
                 When LS addition amount was 12% (based on the mass of bamboo powder, the same below), liquid-solid
                 ratio was 5∶1, microwave heating temperature was 150  ℃  and reaction time was 15 min, the liquefaction
                 rate of bamboo powder could reach 60.95%. The results showed that LS had a catalytic liquefaction effect
                 on bamboo powder, and the prepared liquefied product could be used as a binder to prepare plywood and
                 met the category  Ⅱ  plywood index in GB/T 9846—2015 “Plywood for general use”. This study provides a
                 reference for the resource recycling of the two wastes.
                 Key words: waste bamboo; chrome leather shavings; semi-liquefaction; catalysis; microwave; adhesives


                                [1]
                 根据 CHUNG 等 的统计,每年林业废弃物的                       刨花板应用于住宅市场和建筑行业                [2-4] ;将竹类残渣
                             6
            残留量约有 2.0×10  t,其中包含竹木或竹木加工成                       进行热化学转化制备液体生物油、碳素材料                    [5-6] ,或
            木制品后的残留物。因此,对这些废弃物作为生物                             者用于制备高轻墙体发泡材料、胶黏剂、人造板                      [7-9]
            质二次原料进行循环利用引起人们的广泛关注。例                             等。液化处理是用物理化学方法将固体竹木废弃物转
            如:将废弃的竹料粉碎、黏合制备竹木基生物塑料、                            化为液态或半液态特殊技术,包含高温高压液化                     [10] 、


                 收稿日期:2020-12-24;  定用日期:2021-01-06; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200996
                 基金项目:四川大学-自贡 2019 年校地科技合作专项资金项目(2019CDZG-10)
                 作者简介:蒲红霞(1997—),女,硕士生,E-mail:942708642@qq.com。联系人:单志华(1957—),男,教授,E-mail:zhihuashan@
                 sohu.com。
   197   198   199   200   201   202   203   204   205   206   207