Page 124 - 《精细化工》2022年第1期
P. 124
第 39 卷第 1 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.1
202 2 年 1 月 FINE CHEMICALS Jan. 2022
表面活性剂
含有机反离子的双子季铵盐的合成与性能
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丁 慧,姜亚洁,王亚魁,鞠洪斌,耿 涛
(中国日用化学工业研究院,山西 太原 030001)
摘要:以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷和对甲基苯磺酸为原料,合成了一种反离子含有机酸根的异丙醇基
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双子季铵盐 GC-S。通过正交实验优化了合成工艺。利用 FTIR、 HNMR 和 ESI-MS 对产物结构进行鉴定。在最佳
反应时间为 10 h、反应温度 100 ℃、n(十二烷基二甲基叔胺)∶n(对甲苯磺酸)=2∶1.00 的条件下,合成的 GC-S 具
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有较高的表面活性,临界胶束浓度(CMC)为 2.09×10 mol/L,平衡表面张力( CMC )为 24.06 mN/m。与以氯
为反离子的传统双子季铵盐 GC-Cl 和单链季铵盐 1231 相比,GC-S 展现出更优的润湿性、起泡性和稳泡性、乳
化性。棉布片在 GC-S 水溶液中的下沉时间最短,为 175.2 s。GC-S 起始泡沫体积为 390 mL,5 min 时消泡体积为
20 mL;GC-S 分出定量水层的时间为 317 s。此外,GC-S 对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均表现出优异的抑菌活性。
关键词:双子季铵盐;异丙醇基;有机反离子;抑菌性能;表面活性剂
中图分类号:TQ423.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 01-0114-07
Preparation and properties of gemini quaternary ammonium
salts with organic counterions
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DING Hui, JIANG Yajie, WANG Yakui, JU Hongbin, GENG Tao
(China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China)
Abstract: An isopropanol-based gemini quaternary salt (GC-S) with organic counterion was synthesized
from N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, epichlorohydrin and p-toluenesulfonic acid. The synthesis process was
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optimized by orthogonal experiment. The product was characterized by FTIR, HNMR and ESI-MS. The
results showed that under the optimum conditions of reaction time of 10 h, reaction temperature of 100 ℃
and n(N,N-dimethyldodecylamine)∶n(p-toluenesulfonic acid)=2∶1.00, the synthesized GC-S had a high
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surface activity with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 2.09×10 mol/L and equilibrium surface
tension ( CMC) of 24.06 mN/m. Compared with conventional gemini quaternary ammonium salt with
chloride as counterions (GC-Cl) and single-chain quaternary ammonium salt (1231), GC-S had better
wettability, foaming and foam stabilization performances, and emulsification performance. The sinking time
of cotton piece in GC-S aqueous solution was the shortest (175.2 s). The initial foam volume of GC-S was
390 mL, and the defoaming volume was 20 mL at 5 min. The time of GC-S separating quantitative water
layer was 317 s. In addition, GC-S showed excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and
Staphylococcus aureus.
Key words: gemini quaternary ammonium salts; isopropanol group; organic counterions; antibacterial
activity; surfantants
[1]
异丙醇基双子季铵盐是以羟丙基为联接基将两 活性剂 。此类双子季铵盐分子中羟基的存在可极
个传统单链季铵盐分子连接起来的一类特殊的表面 大改善其表/界面活性和水溶性,比传统单链季铵盐
收稿日期:2021-07-21; 定用日期:2021-10-15; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210743
基金项目:金山区产学研科技成果转化项目(2020-CXY-16);中轻集团科技创新基金(2020);中国日用化学工业研究院研究基金(RIDCI
2019)
作者简介:丁 慧(1997—),女,硕士生,E-mail:1427512720@qq.com。联系人:耿 涛(1973—),男,教授级高工,E-mail:
ridcigt@163.com。