Page 124 - 《精细化工》2022年第1期
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第 39 卷第 1 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.39, No.1
             202 2 年 1 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                  Jan.  2022


              表面活性剂
                        含有机反离子的双子季铵盐的合成与性能



                                                                                       *
                                  丁   慧,姜亚洁,王亚魁,鞠洪斌,耿   涛
                                       (中国日用化学工业研究院,山西  太原  030001)


                 摘要:以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷和对甲基苯磺酸为原料,合成了一种反离子含有机酸根的异丙醇基
                                                                  1
                 双子季铵盐 GC-S。通过正交实验优化了合成工艺。利用 FTIR、 HNMR 和 ESI-MS 对产物结构进行鉴定。在最佳
                 反应时间为 10 h、反应温度 100  ℃、n(十二烷基二甲基叔胺)∶n(对甲苯磺酸)=2∶1.00 的条件下,合成的 GC-S 具
                                                            –4
                 有较高的表面活性,临界胶束浓度(CMC)为 2.09×10  mol/L,平衡表面张力( CMC )为 24.06 mN/m。与以氯
                 为反离子的传统双子季铵盐 GC-Cl 和单链季铵盐 1231 相比,GC-S 展现出更优的润湿性、起泡性和稳泡性、乳
                 化性。棉布片在 GC-S 水溶液中的下沉时间最短,为 175.2 s。GC-S 起始泡沫体积为 390 mL,5 min 时消泡体积为
                 20 mL;GC-S 分出定量水层的时间为 317 s。此外,GC-S 对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均表现出优异的抑菌活性。
                 关键词:双子季铵盐;异丙醇基;有机反离子;抑菌性能;表面活性剂
                 中图分类号:TQ423.3      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 01-0114-07


                        Preparation and properties of gemini quaternary ammonium

                                            salts with organic counterions

                                                                                         *
                               DING Hui, JIANG Yajie, WANG Yakui, JU Hongbin, GENG Tao
                            (China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China)

                 Abstract: An isopropanol-based gemini quaternary salt (GC-S) with organic counterion was synthesized
                 from  N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, epichlorohydrin and p-toluenesulfonic acid. The synthesis process was
                                                                                  1
                 optimized by orthogonal experiment. The product was characterized by FTIR,  HNMR and ESI-MS. The
                 results showed that under the optimum conditions of reaction time of 10 h, reaction temperature of 100  ℃
                 and n(N,N-dimethyldodecylamine)∶n(p-toluenesulfonic acid)=2∶1.00, the synthesized GC-S had a high
                                                                             –4
                 surface activity with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 2.09×10 mol/L and equilibrium surface
                 tension ( CMC) of  24.06 mN/m. Compared with conventional gemini quaternary ammonium salt  with
                 chloride as counterions  (GC-Cl) and single-chain  quaternary ammonium salt (1231), GC-S  had  better
                 wettability, foaming and foam stabilization performances, and emulsification performance. The sinking time
                 of cotton piece in GC-S aqueous solution was the shortest (175.2 s). The initial foam volume of GC-S was
                 390 mL, and the defoaming volume was 20 mL at 5 min. The time of GC-S separating quantitative water
                 layer was 317 s. In addition, GC-S showed excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia  coli and
                 Staphylococcus aureus.
                 Key words: gemini quaternary ammonium salts; isopropanol group; organic counterions; antibacterial
                 activity; surfantants


                                                                     [1]
                 异丙醇基双子季铵盐是以羟丙基为联接基将两                          活性剂 。此类双子季铵盐分子中羟基的存在可极
            个传统单链季铵盐分子连接起来的一类特殊的表面                             大改善其表/界面活性和水溶性,比传统单链季铵盐

                 收稿日期:2021-07-21;  定用日期:2021-10-15; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210743
                 基金项目:金山区产学研科技成果转化项目(2020-CXY-16);中轻集团科技创新基金(2020);中国日用化学工业研究院研究基金(RIDCI
                 2019)
                 作者简介:丁   慧(1997—),女,硕士生,E-mail:1427512720@qq.com。联系人:耿   涛(1973—),男,教授级高工,E-mail:
                 ridcigt@163.com。
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