Page 115 - 《精细化工》2022年第12期

第 39 卷第 12 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.12
2 022 年 12 月 FINE CHEMICALS Dec. 2022

中药现代化技术
蚕蛹虫草生物活性肽的制备及其性能分析

郭 尚，徐莉娜，李艳婷，郭伟伟，郭霄飞，洪沙沙

（山西农业大学 山西功能食品研究院，山西 太原 030031）

摘要：以蚕蛹虫草子实体干粉为材料，采用碱溶酸沉法提取蚕蛹虫草蛋白质，通过正交实验优化提取条件；通
过蛋白质复合酶酶解蚕蛹虫草蛋白质，超滤法分离获得蚕蛹虫草小分子多肽液；通过测定抑菌圈和细胞毒性实
验评价蚕蛹虫草多肽的抗菌及抗癌活性。结果显示，蚕蛹虫草蛋白质最佳提取条件为：pH 8.5、料液比（g∶mL）
为 1∶28、提取时间 3.5 h、提取 3 次，蚕蛹虫草蛋白质含量最高为 45.06%；蚕蛹虫草多肽最佳酶解工艺为：碱
性蛋白酶与木瓜蛋白酶酶活力比 4∶3、酶解最佳 pH 7.2、温度 55 ℃、酶加量 7000 U/mL、酶解时间为 3.5 h。在
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此条件下制备的蚕蛹虫草多肽含量为 16.73%，其相对分子质量<3.0×10 Da 组分对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及
金黄色葡萄球菌均表现出较好的抑菌效果，其抑菌圈分别为(12.08±0.22)、(6.67±0.12)和(10.32± 0.23) mm；对骨
肉瘤 Sao-S 细胞〔半数抑制浓度（IC 50 ）为 0.49 mg/L〕和膀胱癌 T24 细胞（IC 50 为 0.23 mg/L）有很好的抑制作用。
关键词：蚕蛹虫草；酶解；多肽；抗菌性；抗癌作用；中药现代化技术
中图分类号：R284.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2022) 12-2481-11

Preparation and property analysis of polypeptides in Cordyceps militaris

GUO Shang, XU Lina, LI Yanting, GUO Weiwei, GUO Xiaofei, HONG Shasha
（Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China）

Abstract: Cordyceps militaris protein was firstly extracted from Cordyceps militaris fruiting body dry
powder by alkali solution and acid precipitation method, of which the conditions were optimized by
orthogonal experiment. Cordyceps militaris protein was then digested by protein complex enzyme, and
small molecule polypeptide solution was obtained by ultrafiltration. The antibacterial and anticancer
performances of Cordyceps militaris polypeptide were further evaluated via bacteriostatic circle
measurement and cytotoxicity test. The results showed that the protein content could reach 45.06% under
optimized extraction conditions of pH 8.5, material-liquid ratio (g∶mL) 1∶28, and extraction time 3.5 h
with the solution being extracted three times. Meanwhile, the optimum enzymatic hydrolysis process of
Cordyceps militaris polypeptide was as follows: enzyme activity of alkaline protease to papain 4∶3,
enzymolysis temperature 55 ℃, pH 7.2, enzyme dosage 7000 U/mL, and enzymolysis time 3.5 h. Under
these conditions, the prepared polypeptides from Cordyceps militaris had 16.73% content, and that with
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relative molecule mass < 3.0×10 Da generated bacteriostatic circles of (12.08±0.22), (6.67±0.12) and
(10.32±0.23) mm against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively,
showed good antibacterial activity. Moreover, the osteosarcoma SAO-S [median inhibition concentration
(IC 50) =0.49 mg/L] and human bladder cancer cells (IC 50=0.23 mg/L) were significantly inhibited by
Cordyceps militaris polypeptide.
Key words: Cordyceps militaris; enzymolysis; polypeptide; antibacterial property; anticancer effect;
modernization technology of traditional Chinese medicine

蛹虫草（Cordyceps militaris），俗称北冬虫夏草、 座菌目（Hypocreales），天然资源较少 [1-4] 。中国是
北虫草、蚕蛹虫草、蛹草，与野生冬虫夏草同属肉 世界上第一个用昆虫蛹人工大批量培养蛹虫草子实

收稿日期：2022-06-24; 定用日期：2022-10-24; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220587
基金项目：山西省青年科学研究项目（202103021223160）；山西农业大学博士科研启动项目（2021BQ45）；山西省来晋奖励博士科研
启动项目（SXBYKY2021086）；山西省农业科学院科研创新团队专项（YGC2019TD03）
作者简介：郭 尚（1967—），男，研究员，E-mail：gs0351@sohu.com。