Page 175 - 《精细化工》2022年第12期
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第 39 卷第 12 期                            精   细   化   工                                 Vol.39, No.12
             2 022 年 12 月                            FINE CHEMICALS                                 Dec.  2022


              食品与饲料用化学品
                     马铃薯/乳清蛋白复合凝胶的性质和微观结构



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                            王思念 ,伍   娟            1,2 ,李堃芳 ,高   俊 ,程   宇                  1,2*
                 (1.  江苏大学  食品与生物工程学院,江苏  镇江   212013;2.  江苏大学  食品物理加工研究院,江苏  镇
                 江  212013)


                 摘要:为减少乳清蛋白用量,用马铃薯蛋白替代乳清蛋白质量的一半制备了热诱导凝胶。通过色度、质构、
                 水分分布、流变考察了总蛋白质量浓度(40~80 g/L)对于复合凝胶物理性质的影响。结果表明,复合凝胶
                 最低成胶质量浓度为 50 g/L(其中乳清蛋白质量浓度为 25 g/L),与乳清蛋白最低成胶质量浓度 80 g/L 相比,
                 乳清蛋白用量减少了 68.8%。总蛋白质量浓度从 50 g/L 提高到 80 g/L 时,复合凝胶偏黄,硬度和弹性分别
                 增加了 5.28 倍和 5.90%,但束缚水含量降低了 3.51%;储能模量(G')显示较弱的频率依赖性。蛋白质量
                 浓度为 80 g/L 的复合凝胶孔隙尺寸小,具有由颗粒聚集体组成的均一致密网络结构,因而具有较高的 G'。
                 复合凝胶中 β-折叠和 β-转角结构约占蛋白二级结构的 70%。维持复合凝胶结构的作用力中氢键和疏水相互
                 作用的贡献高于二硫键。
                 关键词:马铃薯蛋白;乳清蛋白;复合凝胶;功能性质;食品化学品
                 中图分类号:TS201.7                       文献标识码:A
                 文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 12-2541-09      开放科学 (资源服务)  标识码 (OSID):



                      Properties and microstructure of potato/whey protein mixed gels

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                              WANG Sinian , WU Juan , LI Kunfang , GAO Jun , CHENG Yu    1,2*
                 (1. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China; 2. Institute of
                 Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China)
                 Abstract:  To reduce  the  dosage of whey protein, heat-induced  mixed gels of potato-whey  protein were
                 prepared by replacing half whey protein with potato protein. The effects of total protein mass concentration
                 (40~80 g/L) on the physical properties of mixed protein gels were investigated by color, textural properties,
                 moisture distribution and  rheological  properties.  The  results showed that the lowest gelation  mass
                 concentration of mixed protein gel was 50 g/L in which the concentration of whey protein was 25 g/L.
                 Compared with whey protein gel formed at the lowest gelling mass concentration of 80 g/L, consumption of
                 whey protein in those mixed gels decreased by 68.8%. When the mass concentration of protein increased
                 from 50 g/L to 80 g/L, mixed protein gel exhibited yellow color in the appearance, a 5.28-fold increase in
                 hardness, 5.90% increase in elasticity, a 3.51% decrease in the content of immobilized water, and a storage
                 modulus G' weakly related to the frequency. The mixed protein gel at mass concentration of 80 g/L had
                 uniform and compact gel network, small pore size, and clear spherical particle aggregation morphology,
                 which lead to a higher G'. The amount of β-folding and β-turn structures accounted for about 70% of the
                 secondary structures in mixed protein gel. Hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction, other than disulfide
                 bond, contributed more in maintaining the structure of mixed protein gels.
                 Key words: potato protein; whey protein; composite gel; functional properties; food chemicals



                 蛋白质的凝胶性有助于食品结构的形成,并可                          运水分、风味物质、脂肪、糖类等食品成分,可以
            以稳定食品结构。利用蛋白凝胶形成的网络结构载                             使食品具有理想的感官特性。随着碳中和战略的提


                 收稿日期:2022-05-17;  定用日期:2022-07-04; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220466
                 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072349)
                 作者简介:王思念(1995—),女,硕士生,E-mail:1411800334@qq.com。联系人:程   宇(1981—),男,副教授,E-mail:chengyu@ujs.edu.cn。
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