Page 77 - 《精细化工》2022年第2期

第 2 期 翟文芮，等: 一种含磷自修复水性聚氨酯的合成及性能 ·281·

酸和偏磷酸等不燃物阻碍其燃烧，所以随着 OP550 系中，成功制备了兼具阻燃和自修复两种特殊功能
含量的增加，受热分解为磷酸和偏磷酸的部分越多， 的 OHWPU 样品，制得的 OHWPU-20%胶膜的 LOI
致使胶膜的点燃时间延长，热释放参数先增大再减 为 29.0%，残炭率为 5.4%，燃烧时的热释放量减少，
小。图 6a 为 OHWPU 胶膜的热释放速率（HRR）曲 热释放速率变慢，安全性得到提升。
线，图 6b 和 c 分别为 HWPU 和 OHWPU-20%的炭 （2）尽管 OP550 的引入会降低胶膜的力学性
层形貌。从图 6b 和 c 可以看到，HWPU 胶膜在锥形 能，但 OHWPU-20%胶膜仍可达到 4.30 MPa 的拉伸
量热仪中燃烧后基本上没有物质残留，而 OHWPU- 强度，在 80 ℃修复 3.0 h 的条件下，自修复效率高
20%胶膜燃烧后留有大量炭层，OP550 分解产生的 达 107.9%，具有实用前景。
磷酸和偏磷酸会进一步脱氢形成炭层，而炭层则可
参考文献：
以在燃烧过程中减缓热量的传递并隔绝氧气，起到
凝聚相阻燃作用，此外，脱氢反应还起到了吸热降 [1] BEKAS D G, TSIRKA K, BALTZIS D, et al. Self-healing materials:
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OHWPU-5% 24.3 19 445.6 317.6 28.5 21.4 493-496.
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