Page 170 - 《精细化工》2022年第4期
P. 170
第 39 卷第 4 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.4
2022 年 4 月 FINE CHEMICALS Apr. 2022
水处理技术与环境保护
气溶胶固定剂 PAM-b-PVTES 的合成及表征
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卢彦志 ,刘 峰 ,詹 杰 ,苏兴东 ,李家文 ,李银涛
(1. 西南科技大学 环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川 绵阳 621000;2. 中广核研究院有限公司,
广东 深圳 518000)
摘要:以 S,S-二苄基三硫代碳酸酯(DBTTC)为链转移剂,丙烯酰胺(AM)为第一单体,乙烯基三乙氧基硅
烷(VTES)为第二单体,通过可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)制备了一系列两亲嵌段共聚物(PAM-b-PVTES)。
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通过 FTIR、 HNMR、DSC、GPC 对样品进行了表征。考察共聚物水溶液作为气溶胶固定剂对 PTI-A2 实验粉尘
作为模拟气溶胶的去除性能。结果表明,VTES 的引入有效地降低了共聚物水溶液的表面张力,表面张力降低
至 40.44 mN/m,共聚物水溶液与 PTI-A2 实验粉尘的接触角降低至 11.9°。随着链转移剂用量的减少,共聚物相
对分子质量逐渐增加,共聚物水溶液的黏度也逐渐增加,黏度从 3.7 mPa·s 逐渐升高到 8.1 mPa·s。气溶胶沉降
固定实验表明,PAM-b-PVTES 对 PTI-A2 实验粉尘的沉降固定效率为 91.04%。
关键词:气溶胶;可逆加成-断裂链转移;两亲嵌段共聚物;表面张力;黏度;气溶胶固定剂;环境保护
中图分类号:X513;TQ317 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 04-0806-07
Synthesis and characterization of aerosol fixative PAM-b-PVTES
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LU Yanzhi , LIU Feng , ZHAN Jie , SU Xingdong , LI Jiawen , LI Yintao
(1. State Key Laboratory of Environmentally-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and
Technology, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China; 2. CGN Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong,
China)
Abstract: A series of amphiphilic block copolymers (PAM-b-PVTES) were synthesized using S,S-dibenzyl
trithiocarbonate (DBTTC) as chain transfer agent, acrylamide (AM) as the first monomer and vinyltriethoxysilane
(VTES) as the second monomer by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization.
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The samples were characterized by FTIR, HNMR, DSC and GPC. The removal performance of the
aqueous solution of copolymer as aerosol fixative on PTI-A2 experimental dust as simulated aerosol was
investigated. The results showed that the introduction of VTES effectively reduced the surface tension of
copolymer aqueous solution to 40.44 mN/m, and the contact angle between copolymer aqueous solution
and PTI-A2 experimental dust was reduced to 11.9°. With the decrease of the amount of chain transfer agent,
the relative molecular mass of copolymer gradually increased, and the viscosity of copolymer aqueous
solution gradually increased from 3.7 mPa·s to 8.1 mPa·s. The experimental results of aerosol settling and
fixation indicated that the settling and fixing efficiency of PTI-A2 experimental dust was 91.04%.
Key words: aerosol; reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer; amphiphilic block copolymer; surface
tension; viscosity; aerosol fixative; environmental protection
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近年来,随着人们对大气污染的重视,气溶胶 电荷性、放射性等决定了对人体的危害程度 。特
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已持续成为研究热点 。大气气溶胶是大气污染的 别是在核设施退役以及核事故应急中,会产生大量
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主要污染物 。气溶胶粉尘对人体的健康有着重要 的放射性气溶胶,放射性气溶胶是指含有放射性核
的影响,其化学组成、颗粒粒径、密度、溶解度、 素的固体或液体小颗粒悬浮在空气中,形成的具有
收稿日期:2021-09-30; 定用日期:2021-12-21; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210997
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(11zg2119)
作者简介:卢彦志(1996—),男,硕士生,E-mail:yan1349053794@qq.com。联系人:李银涛(1981—),男,副研究员,E-mail:
liyintao@swust.edu.cn。