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·890·                             精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 39 卷

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            8）存在诸多难题：（1）原料 N 4 S 4             特别不稳定，          为实现绿色化工、绿色电网提供技术基础，这也是
            容易分解，属于易爆品；（2）原料 N≡SF                     [60] 、   今后 SF 6 替代物领域的研究热点。
            SF 2 ==NCOF [61-62] 难以获得；（3）原料 S 2 F 10 [63] 属于剧
                                                               参考文献：
            毒物质，其毒性是光气的 4 倍；（4）AgF 2 对光敏感，
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            是强氟化剂，需保存在特氟龙材料或石英管中，价
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            格昂贵，不是理想的氟化试剂。综上所述，现有合                                  DE977250C[P]. 1965-07-29.
            成路线不具备产业化价值，实验室小试难以保障                              [3]   MAISS M, BRENINKMEIJER C A. Atmospheric SF 6: Trends, sources,
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            色、环保、连续的合成 N≡SF 3 的新型路线，是一项                             2014 annual report[R]. Washington: EPA, 2015.
            极为困难的挑战。因此，N≡SF 3 作为 SF 6 的替代物                     [5]   XIAO D  M ( 肖登明 ). The development prospect of
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            环节，只有能提供足够量的高纯样品，才能保障替                             [6]   OSMOKROVIC P, STOIKANOVIC  M, STANKOVIC  K,  et al.
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               Fig. 8    Existing synthetic routes of thiazyltrifluoride
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                 在当前国家“双碳”战略的大背景下，绿色化                          [12]    FAN X, HAI B, CHEN S, et al. Influence of molecular properties
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            工、绿色电网等概念和政策的执行越来越严格，只
                                                                    Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci, 2019, 252: 032009.
            有从分子设计源头上设计和开发环境友好、高应用                             [13]   BEROUAL A, HADDAD  A.  Recent advances in the quest for a
            性能的替代物，实现绿色环保的产业化技术开发，                                  new insulation gas with a low impact on the environment to replace
                                                                    sulfur hexafluoride  (SF 6) gas  in high-voltage power  network
            才能保证 SF 6 的替代物不断推陈出新，抢占世界绝
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            缘气体领域的制高点，为减缓全球暖化作出积极贡献。                           [14]   ZHANG X, XIAO S, HAN Y, et al. Analysis of the feasibility of
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                 通过研究 SF 6 替代物的开发方法、发展现状和                           comprising  a  hydrofluoroolefin  as  a  medium-voltage
            未来趋势，综合考虑环境性能、应用性能、合成路                                  arc-extinguishing and/or insulating gas and medium-voltage electrical
            线、产业化情况等因素，认为七氟异丁腈将是未来                                  device comprising same: US9491877B2[P]. 2016-11-08.
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            很长时期内最佳的 SF 6 替代物。                                      extinguishing electric arcs: US10490372B2[P]. 2019-11-26.
                 鉴于当前研究开发的成果和存在的问题，系统、                         [17]   DANIEL P, ROMAIN M, MANUEL F  D  C.  Mixture of
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            深入地研究七氟异丁腈的应用性能和配套设备，为
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            七氟异丁腈全面替代 SF 6 提供强大的技术支持，这                              US9293280B2[P]. 2016-03-22.
            是今后 SF 6 替代物领域的研究重点之一。                             [18]   YANNICK  K, ALAIN G, DANIEL P,  et al. Mixture of
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                 另外，需要明确一点，七氟异丁腈并不是 SF 6                            ARC extinguishing  medium and a gas insulated medium-voltage
            替代物的研究终点。由于七氟异丁腈存在沸点较高、                                 electrical device comprising same: US9510493B2[P]. 2016-11-29.
            易液化、灭弧性能几乎没有的缺陷，必须开发下一                             [19]   TEPPATI V, SCHEEL S, DOIRON C, et al. Dielectric-insulation or
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            代 SF 6 替代物，从分子设计、替代物筛选合成到产                         [20]   JACKSON D A, YOUNG C J, HURLEY M D, et al. Atmospheric
            业化的每一个细节，坚持绿色、环保、高效的原则，                                 degradation of perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone: Photolysis, hydrolysis
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