Page 211 - 《精细化工》2022年第6期
P. 211
第 39 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.6
2022 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2022
黏合剂
衣康酸改性淀粉胶黏剂的制备及性能
李 娜 1,2 ,唐亚丽 1,2* ,卢立新 1,2 ,潘 嘹 1,2 ,丘晓琳 1,2
(1. 江南大学 机械工程学院,江苏 无锡 214122;2. 江苏省先进食品制造装备技术重点实验室,江苏 无
锡 214122)
摘要:为提高淀粉胶黏剂的胶合强度和耐水性,以玉米淀粉为主要原料、衣康酸和硅溶胶为接枝单体,采用接
枝共聚法制备了一种高性能生物质胶黏剂。考察了反应条件对淀粉胶黏剂的接枝率、黏度、胶合强度以及耐水
性的影响,并通过 FTIR、TGA、XRD 和 SEM 对淀粉胶黏剂的化学结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明,衣康酸
成功地接枝到淀粉分子上,接枝率为 6.35%,接枝效率为 87.03%。当衣康酸含量(以淀粉的质量为基准,下同)
为 7.5%、硅溶胶含量为 5.0%、反应温度为 70 ℃,反应时间为 3.5 h 时,改性淀粉胶黏剂的性能最佳,耐水时
间达到 95 h(原淀粉胶黏剂为 4 h),干、湿态强度分别达到 2.28 和 1.52 MPa,高于原淀粉胶黏剂的干、湿态强
度(分别为 0.85 和 0 MPa),满足国家Ⅲ类胶合板的使用要求,同时淀粉胶黏剂热稳定性得到提高。
关键词:玉米淀粉胶黏剂;衣康酸;硅溶胶;胶合强度;生物质材料;黏合剂
中图分类号:TQ432.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 06-1277-07
Preparation and properties of itaconic acid modified starch adhesive
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
LI Na , TANG Yali 1,2* , LU Lixin , PAN Liao , QIU Xiaolin
(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; 2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advance Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China)
Abstract: To improve the bonding strength and water resistance of starch adhesive, a high property
biomass adhesive was prepared by grafting copolymerization using corn starch as main raw material,
itaconic acid and silica sol as graft monomers. The effects of reaction conditions on grafting rate, viscosity,
bonding strength and water resistance of starch adhesive were investigated. The structure and properties of
starch adhesive were characterized by FTIR, TGA, XRD and SEM. The results indicated that itaconic acid
was successfully grafted onto starch molecules, and the grafting rate and grafting efficiency were 6.35%
and 87.03%, respectively. When itaconic acid content (based on the mass of starch, the same below) was
7.5%, silica sol content was 5.0%, reaction temperature was 70 ℃, reaction time was 3.5 h, the modified
starch adhesive had the best performance. Water resistance time was 95 h (original starch adhesive was 4 h).
Dry and wet strength reached 2.28 and 1.52 MPa, respectively, higher than those of original starch adhesive
(0.85 and 0 MPa), which met the national standard for type Ⅲ plywood, the thermal stability of starch
adhesive was improved simultaneously.
Key words: corn starch adhesive; itaconic acid; silica sol; bonding strength; biomass material; adhensive
近年来,随着人们安全和环保意识的逐渐增强, 出台相关法规,环保型生物质胶黏剂受到了广泛关
[1]
[3]
传统的“三醛胶”因含有甲醛而备受排斥 ;另一 注并成为研究热点 。以淀粉、蛋白质、单宁、木
方面“三醛胶”的生产原料主要来源于不可再生的 质素等生物质高分子材料为基材的胶黏剂成为研究
[2]
石油化工产品 ,随着石油资源的短缺,国家不断 重点,其中淀粉胶黏剂以其原料淀粉来源广、成本
收稿日期:2021-11-05; 定用日期:2022-01-21; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20211129
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31671909)
作者简介:李 娜(1996—),女,硕士生,E-mail:1092244742@qq.com。联系人:唐亚丽(1982—),女,副教授,E-mail:tyl@
jiangnan.edu.cn。