Page 111 - 《精细化工）》2023年第10期

第 40 卷第 10 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.40, No.10
2023 年 10 月 FINE CHEMICALS Oct. 2023

综论
明胶基静电纺丝复合纤维材料的研究进展

1
吴奇霞 ，马建中 1,2,3* ，张 雷 1,2,3* ，张文博 2,3,4 ，范倩倩 1,2,3
〔1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 西安市绿色化学品与功能材料重点实
验室，陕西 西安 710021；3. 轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心（陕西科技大学），陕西 西安 710021；
4. 陕西省轻化工助剂化学与技术协同创新中心，陕西 西安 710021〕

摘要：明胶是一种来源广泛且价格低廉的天然高分子物质，动物皮、骨及筋腱等生物来源和制革过程中产生的
废革屑是其重要来源。明胶具有良好的生物相容性和可生物降解性，已被广泛应用于柔性电子、医药等工业领
域。静电纺丝法是制备微纳米级纤维的常用方法，因其操作简便、成本低廉、条件温和等优势已成为制备微纳
米级纤维材料的主要途径之一。静电纺丝法制备的明胶纤维具有大比表面积和长径比，纤维膜的孔隙率和力学
强度可调，与其他物质复合纺丝后可获得传感、抗菌、自修复、过滤等性能，极大地拓宽了其应用前景。该文
综述了静电纺丝技术的发展现状、以明胶为原料制备复合纤维材料的工艺参数和复合方法及影响因素，介绍了
明胶基静电纺丝材料在众多领域中的应用现状；最后，展望了明胶基静电纺丝材料的发展趋势及应用前景。
关键词：明胶；静电纺丝；复合纤维膜；微纳米纤维；研究进展
中图分类号：TB33 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2023) 10-2189-11

Research progress on gelatin-based electrospinning
composite fiber materials

1
WU Qixia , MA Jianzhong 1,2,3* , ZHANG Lei 1,2,3* , ZHANG Wenbo 2,3,4 , FAN Qianqian 1,2,3
（1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. Xi'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi,
China; 3. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University
of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; 4. Shaanxi Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of
Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China）

Abstract: Gelatin, derived from biological sources such as animal skin, bone and tendons, as well as waste
leather chips produced during the tanning process, is a natural polymer substance of low price and has been
widely used in flexible electronics, medicine and other industrial fields because of its outstanding
biocompatibility and biodegradability. Electrospinning technology, with the advantages of simple operation,
low cost and mild conditions, has become one of the mostly common ways in preparation of micro- and
nano-scale fiber materials. The gelatin fiber prepared by electrospinning exhibits large specific surface area,
high length-diameter ratio, adjustability in porosity and mechanical strength, as well as properties of
sensing, antibacterial, self-healing and after composite spinning with other substances, thus greatly
expanding its application prospect. Herein, the development status of electrospinning technology as well as
the process parameters and composite methods for preparation of gelatin-based composite fiber materials
was summarized. The application status of gelatin-based electrospinning materials in many fields was then
introduced. Finally, the development trend and application prospects of gelatin-based electrospinning
materials were discussed.
Key words: gelatin; electrospinning; composite fiber films; micro- and nano-fibers; research progress

收稿日期：2023-02-27; 定用日期：2023-05-29; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20230146
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（52073164）；中国博士后科学基金第 71 批面上资助（2022MD713772）；陕西省教育厅科研计划项
目一般专项项目（22JK0295）
作者简介：吴奇霞（1997—），女，硕士生，E-mail：1060745945@qq.com。联系人：马建中（1960—），男，教授，E-mail：majz@sust.edu.cn；
张雷（1989—），男，博士，E-mail：zhangleisust417@163.com。