Page 103 - 201810
P. 103

第 10 期                    王晓珊,等:  刺云实胶/魔芋葡甘聚糖复合凝胶流变性能                                   ·1711·


            TG 起强化作用。因此,添加适量的 TG,可以提高                          有望成为食品凝胶中理想的新型添加剂。
            KGM  的耐热性。利用这一性质,可将 TG/KGM 复
                                                               参考文献:
            合凝胶体系应用到食品工业中,如作为果酱、冷饮
                                                               [1]   Alves V D, Freitas F, Costa N,  et al. Effect of temperature on the
            等的增稠和凝胶稳定剂,以使产品达到更好的凝胶
                                                                   dynamic and steady-shear rheology of a new microbial extracellular
            效果,从而获得更致密的组织结构和更高的感官品                                 polysaccharide produced from glycerol byproduct[J]. Carbohydrate
            质与质量。                                                  Polymers, 2010, 79(4): 981-988.
                                                               [2]   Savary G, Handschin S, Conde-Petit B,  et al. Structure of
                                                                   polysaccharide-starch composite gels by rheology and confocal laser
                                                                   scanning microscopy: Effect of the composition and of the
                                                                   preparation procedure[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2008, 22(4): 520-530.
                                                               [3]   Shao P, Qin M, Han L, et al. Rheology and characteristics of sulfated
                                                                   polysaccharides from  chlorophytan seaweeds  Ulva fasciata.[J].
                                                                   Carbohydrate Polymers, 2014, 113: 365-372.
                                                               [4]   Timilsena Y P, Adhikari R, Kasapis S,  et al. Rheological and
                                                                   microstructural properties  of the chia seed polysaccharide[J].
                                                                   International Journal of Biological  Macromolecules, 2015, 81:
                                                                   991-999.
                                                               [5]   Goh K K T, Yuliarti O, Yeo G T T, et al. Effect of ultrasonication on
                                                                   low-acetylated gellan gum gel properties[J]. Food Hydrocolloids,

                                                                   2015, 49: 240-247.
                       图 6  TG/KGM 的温度扫描图                      [6]   Dickinson E. Practical food  rheology: an interpretive approach[J].
              Fig. 6    Temperature sweep curves of TG/KGM samples   Food Hydrocolloids, 2011, 25(7): 1655-1655.
                                                               [7]   Ishihara S, Nakauma M, Funami T, et al. Swallowing profiles of food
                                                                   polysaccharide gels in relation to bolus rheology[J]. Food
            3   结论                                                 Hydrocolloids, 2011, 25(5): 1016-1024.
                                                               [8]   Cho H M,  Yoo B. Rheological characteristics of cold  thickened
                 制备了 TG/KGM 复合体系,分别对 TG 与 KGM                      beverages containing xanthan gum-based food thickeners used for
            不同质量比的 TG/KGM 体系流变性能进行了考察,                             dysphagia diets[J]. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics,
                                                                   2015, 115(1): 106-111.
            得出以下结论:                                            [9]   Danalache F, Mata  P, Moldão-Martins M, et al. Novel  mango bars
                 (1)静态流变学结果表明,单一 TG 及 TG/                          using gellan gum as gelling agent: Rheological and microstructural
            KGM 复合体系均呈现假塑性,表现出剪切稀释行                                studies[J]. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie, 2015, 62(1):
                                                                   576-583.
            为。此外,二者具有良好的相容性,随着 KGM 质                           [10]  García M  C,  Alfaro M C,  Muñoz J. Influence of the ratio of
            量分数的增加,复配溶胶体系的抗剪切能力有所增                                 amphiphilic copolymers used as  emulsifiers on the microstructure,
            强,  黏度升高。                                              physical stability and rheology of α-pinene emulsions stabilized with
                                                                   gellan gum[J]. Colloids & Surfaces  B Biointerfaces, 2015, 135:
                 (2)动态黏弹性实验结果表明,TG 的存在有                            465-471.
            利于 KGM 多糖网络结构的形成,二者之间存在较                           [11]  Venkatesan J, Lowe B, Anil S, et al. Seaweed polysaccharides and
            强的协同增效作用;添加适量的 TG,可以提高                                 their potential biomedical  applications[J]. Starch-Stärke, 2015,
                                                                   67(5/6): 381-390.
            KGM  的耐热性,进而形成热稳定性较高的凝胶。
                                                               [12]  Murray B S. Interfacial rheology of food emulsifiers and proteins[J].
                 (3)在 TG/KGM 凝胶体系中 KGM 起主要作                        Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 2002, 7(5/6):
            用,TG 的存在有利于 KGM 形成稳定的网络结构,使                            426-431.
                                                               [13]  Tzoumaki M V,  Moschakis T, Biliaderis C G. Effect  of soluble
            所形成凝胶的弹性及热稳定性均得到增强。
                                                                   polysaccharides addition on rheological properties and microstructure
                 (4)推测 TG/KGM 从溶胶到凝胶的晶态结构                          of chitin nanocrystal aqueous dispersions[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers,
            变化经历了相互重叠→耦合缠结→拓扑缠结→局部                                 2013, 95(1): 324-331.
                                                               [14]  Jian W, Siu K C, Wu J Y. Effects of pH and temperature on colloidal
            网络结构→连续网络结构的变化过程,而 TG/KGM
                                                                   properties and molecular characteristics of konjac glucomannan[J].
            复配时分子链间的具体作用机理有待进一步深入                                  Carbohydrate Polymers, 2015, 134: 285-292.
            探析。                                                [15]  Behera S S, Ray R  C. Konjac glucomannan, a promising
                 (5)在 TG 与 KGM 不同质量比的 TG/KGM 体                     polysaccharide of Amorphophallus konjac, K. Koch in health care[J].
                                                                   International Journal of Biological  Macromolecules, 2016, 92:
            系中,TK6 的综合性能最为优异,其凝胶结构相对                               942-956.
            稳定,具有一定耐热性,黏度适中,加工性能优良。                            [16]  Zhang C, Chen J  D,  Yang F Q. Konjac glucomannan, a  promising
            可将其用作海藻胶、果胶、琼脂等的代替物,不仅                                 polysaccharide for OCDDS[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2014,
                                                                   104(1): 175-181.
            无需更改加工食品原有的工艺及设备,还可大大降                             [17]  Herranz B, Tovar C A, Solo-De-Zaldívar B, et al. Effect of alkalis on
            低食品添加剂的成本,得到更高的产品质量,因此                                 konjac glucomannan gels for use as potential gelling agents in
   98   99   100   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108