Page 31 - 201812

第 35 卷第 12 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.12
2018 年 12 月 FINE CHEMICALS Dec. 2018

功能材料
响应面法优化废旧 PET 催化醇解工艺

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徐 惠 1,2 ，熊 峰 ，彭振军 1,2 ，陈 泳 1,2 ，刘映含
（1. 兰州理工大学 石油化工学院，甘肃 兰州 730050；2. 甘肃省黏土矿物应用研究重点实验室，中科
院兰州化物所，甘肃 兰州 730050）

摘要：常压下采用催化剂一步醇解废旧聚酯（PET）工艺制备聚酯多元醇，并采用物理发泡方式用该聚酯多元
醇制备了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料，达到废旧 PET 的循环利用。以催化醇解得到聚酯多元醇的羟值、酸值和黏度为
指标，筛选催化剂用量、醇解剂用量和醇解时间为主要因素，通过响应面法优化得到催化醇解废旧 PET 的最佳
工艺条件，即：质量分数 0.3%（占 PET 的质量，下同）的 Sb 2 O 3 作为解聚的催化剂、质量分数 100%的二甘醇
为醇解剂，醇解反应时间为 2.5 h，通过实验验证表明该条件可靠，实际得到的聚酯多元醇羟值 503.9 mgKOH/g，酸
值2.4 mgKOH/g，室温黏度1310 mPa·s，以该聚酯多元醇为原料制备硬质聚氨酯泡沫的导热系数为0.02~0.03 W/(m·K)，
密度为 40~50 kg/m³，表明通过该方法实现废旧 PET 的循环利用是可行的，并提高了其循环利用价值。
关键词：废旧聚酯；催化醇解；聚酯多元醇；响应面法；功能材料
中图分类号：O633.14 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 12-1999-07

Optimization of Catalytic Alcoholysis Process of Waste PET(Polyethylene
Terephthalate) by Response Surface Methodology

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XU Hui , XIONG Feng , PENG Zhen-jun , CHEN Yong , LIU Ying-han
（1. College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China; 2. Key
Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy，
Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China）
Abstract: Polyester polyols were prepared by an one-step depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate
(PET) using catalysts under ordinary pressure and then used as raw material to prepare rigid polyurethane
foam by physical foaming method. The hydroxyl value, acid value and viscosity of polyester polyols were
used as evaluation index to investigate the effects of catalyst dosage, dosage of alcoholysis agent and
pyrolysis time on the alcoholysis process of PET by using response surface methodology (RSM). The
optimum process conditions were obtained as follows: the mass fraction of catalyst (Sb 2O 3) was 0.3%
(based on the weight of PET, the same below), diethylene glycol (DEG) with a mass fraction of 100% was
used as alcoholysis agent, reaction time was 2.5 h. The experimental verification indicated that the
conditions by RSM analysis were reliable. The hydroxyl value, acid value and viscosity of the product were
503.9 mg KOH/g, 2.4 mg KOH/g and 1310 mPa·s, respectively. The prepared rigid polyurethane foam had
coefficients of thermal conductivity of 0.02~0.03 W/(m·K) with a density between 40 kg/m³ and 50 kg/m³,
indicating that this method is feasible to realize the recycling of waste PET and improve its recycling value.
Key words: waste PET; catalytic alcoholysis; polyester polyol; response surface methodology; functional materials
Foundation items: National Natural Science Foundation of China (51763015, 51663014); Key Laboratory
Project of Clay Mineral Application in Gansu province (CMAR-04)

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（polyethylene terephthalate, 每年约产生 4000 kt 的聚酯废料 [1-2] 。如何有效地将
PET）简称聚酯，在包装、纺织及建筑等领域用量巨 废旧 PET 材料循环利用是当前聚酯工业的重要研究
大，因此导致了大量聚酯废料产生。据统计，中国 课题。目前，废旧 PET 的回收主要有物理方法和化

收稿日期：2018-02-28; 定用日期：2018-07-09; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180133
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（51763015，51663014）；甘肃省黏土矿物应用研究重点实验室项目（CMAR-04）
作者简介：徐 惠（1966—），女，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：xuhui@lut.cn。