Page 40 - 201808

第 35 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.8
201 8 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2018

功能材料
芳纶纳米纤维增强聚乙烯醇复合膜的制备与性能

1
1
顾云智 1,2 ，黄振祝 ，林树东 1,2* ，魏彦龙 ，胡继文 1,2* ，廖乾勇 1,2
（1. 中国科学院广州化学研究所 广东省电子有机聚合物材料重点实验室 中国科学院纤维素化学重点实
验室，广东 广州 510650；2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049）

摘要：以芳纶纤维 Kevlar@49 为原料，在温和条件下制备了芳纶纳米纤维分散体（ANFS），并利用分散体制
备了芳纶纳米纤维/聚乙烯醇（ANFs/PVA）复合膜。通过傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）仪、差示扫描量热（DSC）
仪、原子力显微镜（AFM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、电子万能试验机及透光度/雾度测定仪等考察了复合膜
的微观结构、热学、光学及力学性能。FTIR 证明，复合膜中 ANFs 与 PVA 具有一定的分子间氢键作用，促进
了 ANFs 在 PVA 基体中的分散。由 AFM 和 SEM 可以清晰观察到直径为 20~30 nm 的芳纶纳米纤维分散体，并
且通过 SEM 观察到复合膜表面较为平整。当芳纶纳米纤维质量分数为 6.0%时，复合膜的抗拉强度为 17.86 MPa，
断裂伸长率为 442%；透光度为 82.63%，雾度为 27.56%；玻璃化温度，熔融温度和结晶温度分别为 75.20、208.82
和 174.51 ℃，表明其透光性良好，力学和热学性能达到最佳。
关键词：芳纶；聚乙烯醇；纳米纤维；增强；复合膜；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ325.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 08-1288-06

Preparation and Performance Research of Aramid Nanofibers

Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Films

1
1,2
GU Yun-zhi , HUANG Zhen-zhu , LIN Shu-dong 1,2* ,
1,2
1
WEI Yan-long , HU Ji-wen 1,2* , LIAO Qian-yong
（1. Key Laboratory of Electronic Organic Polymer Materials of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Cellulose
and Lignocellulosics Chemistry, Guangzhou Institute of chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650,
Guangdong, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China）

Abstract: Aramid nanofiber dispersion was prepared from commercial aramid fiber Kevlar@49 under mild
conditions, and then aramid nanofiber reinforced poly (vinyl alcohol) (ANFs/PVA) composite films were
fabricated. The microstructure, thermal, optical and mechanical behaviors of composite films were
characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),
atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electronic universal testing machine
and optical transmittance/fog tester. The FTIR results revealed the hydrogen bonding interactions between
aramid nanofibers and PVA promoted the dispersion of aramid nanofibers in PVA matrix. Aramid
nanofibers with diameters ranging from 20 nm to 30 nm were clearly observed by AFM and SEM, and the
surface of the prepared composite film was relatively smooth. The resultant composite film containing 6.0%
aramid nanofibers (mass fraction) exhibited the best mechanical and thermal properties and excellent
transparency with a tensile strength of 17.86 MPa, an elongation at break of 442%, a transparency of
82.63% and a haze of 27.56%. The glass transition temperature, melting temperature and crystallization
temperature of composite film were 75.20, 208.82 and 174.51 ℃, respectively.
Key words: aramid; polyvinyl alcohol; nanofibers; reinforcement; composite films; functional materials
Foundation items: National Natural Science Foundation of China (51173204) and Natural Science
Foundation of Guangdong Province (2015A030313799, 2016A030313163)

收稿日期：2017-08-24; 定用日期：2017-11-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20170693
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51173204）；广东省自然科学基金（2015A030313799，2016A030313163）
作者简介：顾云智（1992—），男，硕士生。联系人：胡继文（1966—），男，博士生导师，电话：020-85232307，E-mail：hujiwen@gia.ac.cn；
林树东（1980—），男，硕士生导师，电话：020-85232307，E-mail：linsd@ gic.ac.cn。