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第 36 卷第 2 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.2
201 9 年 2 月 FINE CHEMICALS Feb. 2019
功能材料
石莼基微/中孔复合结构活性炭的制备及性能
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刘 靖 ,何选明 1,2 ,柯 萍 ,冯东征
(1. 煤转化与新型炭材料湖北省重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430081;2. 武汉科技大学 化学与化工学院,
湖北 武汉 430081)
摘要:以海洋海藻废弃物石莼为原料,通过热解预炭化,KOH 活化制备活性炭。以碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值
为吸附性能评价指标,探究了活化工艺对活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明,当 KOH 与石莼半焦质量比(碱炭
比)为 3.0∶1.0、活化时间为 45 min、活化温度为 800 ℃时,活性炭吸附性能最优,其碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸
附值最大,分别为 1824.19 mg/g、914.98 mg/g。FTIR 测试表明,活性炭含有大量羟基等官能团。SEM 测试表明,
活性炭表面粗糙、存在大量孔结构。活性炭的 BET 比表面积为 2616.3 m²/g,Langmuir 比表面积高达 4883.5 m²/g,
平均孔径为 2.73 nm。石莼基活性炭的孔结构为微/中孔复合结构,有作为储能、环保材料的潜质。
关键词:石莼;活性炭;吸附性能;比表面积;孔结构;功能材料
中图分类号:TQ 35 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2019) 02-0225-06
Preparation and Properties of Micro- and Mesoporous
Ulva-based Activated Carbon
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LIU Jing , HE Xuan-ming 1,2* , KE Ping , FENG Dong-zheng
(1. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, China; 2.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei,
China)
Abstract: Activated carbon was prepared by pyrolysis semi-coke of marine algae waste (ulva) and KOH
activation. The effect of activation process on the adsorption performance of activated carbon was
investigated by means of iodine adsorption and methylene blue adsorption. The results indicated that under the
optimal conditions of mass ratio of KOH to semi-coke of ulva 3.0∶1.0, activated time 45 min and activated
temperature 800 ℃, the iodine adsorption value and methylene blue adsorption value of activated carbon
could be up to 1824.19 mg/g and 914.98 mg/g. The FTIR result showed that there were a large number of
hydroxyl groups on the surface of activated carbon. The SEM showed that the surface of activated carbon
was very rough and had plenty of pore structure. BET surface area and Langmuir surface area were up to
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2616.3 m /g and 4883.5 m /g, respectively. Activated carbon showed micro- and mesoporous structure with
a pore size of 2.73 nm. It has the potential as energy storage and environmental protection material.
Key words: ulva; activated carbon; adsorption property; specific surface area; porous structure; functional
materials
Foundation item: National Natural Science Foundation of China (51706160)
[8]
活性炭是一种固体炭物质,具有丰富的孔隙结 需求量激增 。目前,市场上活性炭主要有煤基活
构、高的比表面积、强的吸附性能以及特殊的表面 性炭和生物质基活性炭两种。煤基活性炭以煤炭为
官能团等特性,被广泛应用于水处理、医药、储能 原料,煤炭属于不可再生能源,不宜过度开发。生物
材料等领域 [1-7] 。近年来,随着中国环保力度的加强、 质基活性炭以可再生能源生物质为原料 [9-11] ,目前主
新能源等行业的迅猛发展,活性炭的市场前景广阔、 要为木材活性炭和椰壳活性炭,较煤基活性炭有着更
收稿日期:2018-05-18; 定用日期:2018-09-12; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180362
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51706160)
作者简介:刘 靖(1994—),男,硕士生。联系人:何选明(1954—),男,教授,E-mail: xmingh999@126.com。