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第 36 卷第 3 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.3
201 9 年 3 月 FINE CHEMICALS Mar. 2019

功能材料
聚丙烯/氧化石墨烯复合材料的

制备、结构及性能

吕生华，胡浩岩，孙 立，雷 颖，刘锦茹

（陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院 轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心，陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：以石墨、浓硫酸、高锰酸钾和双氧水等为原料，通过 Hummers 法制备了氧化石墨烯（GO）分散液，对
其冷冻干燥得到 GO 粉体，将 GO 粉体与熔融聚丙烯（PP）树脂共混制备 PP/GO 复合材料，采用 FTIR、AFM、
TEM、XRD、DSC 及导热仪和氧指数测定仪等对 GO 及 PP/GO 复合材料的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明，
GO 能够以双片层形式均匀地分散在 PP 基体中，GO/PP 复合材料具有致密均匀的微观结构，其力学性能、耐热、
阻燃和热传导等性能比对照样品（单纯 PP 树脂）有显著提高。当 GO 掺量为 0.4%(以 PP 的质量为基准，下同)
时，PP/GO 复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度比对照样品分别提高了 29.6%、33.6%和 62.7%，熔点从
154.5 ℃提高为 174.2 ℃，热导率提升了 205.3%，极限氧指数从 18.0 提高到 27.6。
关键词：氧化石墨烯；聚丙烯；力学性能；耐热性能；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ325.1+4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 03-0407-07

Preparation, Structure and Properties of Polypropylene/
Graphene Oxide Composites

LÜ Sheng-hua, HU Hao-yan, SUN Li, LEI Ying, LIU Jin-ru
（College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light
Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China）

Abstract: Graphite oxide (GO) dispersion in a aqueous solution was prepared by Hummers method using
graphite, concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide as main raw materials.
Then, GO powder was obtained by freeze drying of GO dispersion. Subsequently, polypropylene (PP)/GO
composites were prepared by blending GO powder with melt PP. The structure and properties of GO and
PP/GO composites were characterized using various testing methods such as FTIR, AFM, TEM, XRD,
DSC, conductometer and oxygen index determinator. The results indicated that GO could be uniformly
dispersed in PP matrix with double layers, which resulted in forming compact and even microstructure in
PP/GO composites. The mechanical properties, heat resistance, flame resistance and thermal conductive of
PP/GO composites had a significant improvement compared with that of the control sample (pure PP resin).
When the dosage of GO was 0.4% (based on the mass of PP, the same below), the tensile strength, flexural
strength and impact strength of the GO/PP composites were higher 29.6%, 33.6% and 62.7% than that of
pure PP resin, respectively. Meanwhile, the melting point was increased from 154.5 ℃ to 174.2 ℃, the
thermal conductivity increased by 205.3%, and the limiting oxygen index was increased from 18.0 to 27.6.
Key words: graphene oxide; polypropylene resin; mechanical properties; heat resistance; functional
materials
Foundation items: National Natural Science Foundation of China (21276152); Science and Technology
Co-ordination and Innovation Project of Shaanxi Province (2016KTCL01-14)

收稿日期：2018-07-01; 定用日期：2018-10-22; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180482
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（21276152）；陕西省科技统筹项目（2016KTCL01-14）
作者简介：吕生华（1963—），男，博士生导师，教授，E-mail：lvsh@sust.edu.cn。