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第 36 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.5
201 9 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2019

功能材料
含氟丙烯酸酯-聚氨酯共混膜的自组织梯度化结构

辛 华 1,2 ，张 辉 1,2* ，赵 星 1,2 ，李 莹 1,2

（1. 陕西科技大学 化学与化工学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室，
陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：通过细乳液聚合法，以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚醚二醇（PTMG）、N-甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）、
三羟甲基丙烷（TMP）及全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯（FA）为原料，制备不同 FA 用量的氟化聚氨酯（PUFPA）乳
液。采用 FTIR、AFM、SEM-EDS、XPS 考察了 FA 用量对 PUFPA 乳胶膜自组织梯度结构的影响。结果表明：
当 FA 质量分数为 40%（PUFPA40%）时，乳胶膜膜-空气（F-A）面与膜-基材（F-P）面表面自由能差异显著，
断面出现相分层，含氟组分（FPA）在 F-A 面开始富集，乳胶膜呈明显梯度化结构；乳胶膜经热处理（110 ℃，
2 h）后，膜 F-A 面水接触角达到 132.5°，疏水程度增大，膜正反面的表面自由能差异进一步增大，断面分层更
明显，且从膜 F-A 面到膜 F-P 面沿厚度方向氟元素浓度逐渐降低，梯度化结构更加明显。
关键词：共混膜；表面性能；自组织结构；梯度化结构；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ 031 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 05-0835-08

Self-organization Gradient Structure of Fluorinated Acrylate
Polymer-polyurethane Blend Latex Film

1,2
1,2
1,2
XIN Hua , ZHANG Hui 1,2* , ZHAO Xing , LI Ying
（1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021,
Shaanxi, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education,
Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China）

Abstract: Fluorinated polyurethane (PUFPA) emulsions were synthesized by isophorone diisocyanate
(IPDI), polyether diol (MDEA), N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), trimethylolpropane (TMP), and
perfluoroalkyl acrylate (FA) via microemulsion polymerization method. The effect of FA amount on the
self-organized gradient structure of PUFPA latex film was investigated by FTIR, AFM, SEM-EDS and XPS.
The results showed that the prepared PUFPA containing 40% mass fraction of FA (PUFPA40%) latex film
had large surface free energy difference between film-air (F-A ) surface and film-polytetrafluoroethylene
substrate (F-P ) surface. At the same time, the cross section of PUFPA40% latex film appeared layered
structure. The fluorinated component (FPA) enriched on F-A surface and the gradient structure of
PUFPA40% latex film was obvious. After PUFPA40% latex film was treated at 110 ℃ for 2 h, its contact
angle (water) on the F-A surface could reach 132.5°, indicating that PUFPA40% latex film had higher
hydrophobicity. Moreover, the surface free energy difference between the front and back of the film was
further increased, and the layered structure was more obvious. From F-A surface to F-P surface, the
concentration of fluorine gradually decreased along the thickness direction of PUFPA40% film after heat
treating, and the gradient structure became more obvious.
Key words: blended film; surface properties; self-organized structure; gradient structure; functional
materials
Foundation items: National Natural Science Foundation of China (51603117); Natural Science Basic
Research Project of Shaanxi Province (2018JM5120)

收稿日期：2018-07-28; 定用日期：2019-01-04; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180558
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51603117）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2018JM5120）
作者简介：辛 华（1980—），女，副教授。联系人：张 辉（1995—），男，硕士生，E-mail：642236101@qq.com。