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第 36 卷第 7 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.7
201 9 年 7 月 FINE CHEMICALS July 2019

水处理技术与环境保护
氧化石墨相氮化碳吸附 U(Ⅵ)的性能与机理

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刘金香 ，陈子庚 ，谢水波 1,2 ，刘迎九 ，俞 坤
（1. 南华大学 污染控制与资源化技术湖南省重点实验室，湖南 衡阳 421001；2. 南华大学 铀矿冶生物
技术国防重点学科实验室，湖南 衡阳 421001）
摘要：采用酸刻蚀及氧化处理技术制备了氧化氮化碳（OCN）纳米材料，探究了 OCN 对水中 U(Ⅵ)的吸附-解吸
性能。考察了溶液 pH、温度、OCN 投加量、反应时间、U(Ⅵ)初始浓度等因素对 OCN 吸附 U(Ⅵ)的影响，并探
讨了吸附机制。结果表明：OCN 对 U(Ⅵ)有良好的吸附效果，在 pH=5、30 ℃、U(Ⅵ)的初始质量浓度为 10 mg/L，
OCN 的投加量为 200 mg/L 时，OCN 对 U(Ⅵ)吸附率达 98.9%，比未改性的石墨相氮化碳（g-C 3 N 4 ）吸附 U(Ⅵ)
的性能提高了约 42.82%，吸附反应在 10 min 即到达吸附平衡。pH 是影响 OCN 吸附 U(Ⅵ)的重要影响因素，温
度等因素对 U(Ⅵ)的吸附影响较小。拟二级动力学方程和 Langmuir 模型很好地拟合了吸附过程，OCN 对 U(Ⅵ)
的吸附过程为自发的吸热过程。吸附解吸实验结果表明，OCN 具有良好的重复利用性。
关键词：氮化碳；氧化；U(Ⅵ)；吸附；水处理技术
中图分类号：O631；O647.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 07-1446-08

Adsorption Properties and Mechanism of U(Ⅵ) onto Oxidized

Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanomaterials

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LIU Jin-xiang , CHEN Zi-geng , XIE Shui-bo , LIU Ying-jiu , YU Kun
（ 1. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South
China,Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China; 2. Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defence for Biotechnology in
Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China）
Abstract: Oxidized graphitic carbon nitride (OCN) nanomaterials were successfully synthesized by a acid
etching and oxidation method.The adsorption-desorption performance of OCN nanomaterials for U(Ⅵ) was
investigated.The effects of pH of solution, temperature, OCN dosage,contacting time and initial
concentration of U(Ⅵ) were investigated by static batch experiments, and the adsorption mechanism was
discussed.The experiments indicated that OCN exhibited superior adsorption performance to U(Ⅵ). Under
the conditions of pH 5, adsorption temperature 30 ℃, initial concentration of U(Ⅵ) 10 mg/L, and OCN
dosage 200 mg/L, the adsorption efficiency of OCN to U(Ⅵ) reached 98.9%, which was improved by about
42.82% compared with the unmodified graphite nitride carbon (g-C 3 N 4 ), and the adsorption equilibrium was
reached at 10 min. The adsorption process was greatly affected by the pH of solution and less affected by
other factors such as temperature. The adsorption process was fitted well the pseudo-second-order kinetic
equation and Langmuir model, and the adsorption process of OCN to U(Ⅵ) was spontaneous endothermic
process. The results of adsorption desorption experiments revealed that OCN had good reusability.
Key words: g-C 3N 4; oxidation; U(Ⅵ); adsorption; water treatment technology

在铀矿开采及铀的生产应用中产生的大量含铀 的健康和生态环境构成潜在的威胁 [1-2] 。现有的含铀
废水对水体、土壤等环境造成放射性污染，对人类 废水处理方法主要有吸附法、离子交换法、蒸发浓

收稿日期：2018-11-19; 定用日期：2019-02-25; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180855
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（11475080）；南华大学博士科研启动基金项目（2016XQD06）；南华大学研究生科学基金项目
（2018KYY104）
作者简介：刘金香（1972—），女，副教授，博士，E-mail：cafardworm@163.com。