Page 195 - 精细化工2019年第9期

第 36 卷第 9 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.9
201 9 年 9 月 FINE CHEMICALS Sept. 2019

油田化学品与油品添加剂
含高比例疏水单体降阻剂的合成及性能评价

敬显武 1,2 ，刘友权 1,2 ，许 园 1,2 ，李 伟 1,2 ，张亚东 1,2 ，熊 颖 1,2

（1. 中国石油西南油气田分公司天然气研究院 四川 成都 610213；2. 页岩气开采与评价四川省重点实
验室，四川 成都 610213）

摘要：使用 3-溴丙烯和 N,N-二甲基十八烷基叔胺合成水溶性阳离子疏水单体 N,N-二甲基十八烷基烯丙基溴化铵
（DOAB），仅使用水作为溶剂，合成了含有高摩尔分数疏水单体的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺型降阻剂，以核磁氢谱
和元素分析 得到降阻剂 的结构为 P(AM 0.877 -AA 0.113 -DOAB 0.01 ) ；激 光光散射法测得降阻剂摩尔质量为
7
1.22×10 g/mol；黏度法测得临界缔合浓度（CAC）为 2.8 g/L。测试了不同质量浓度下降阻剂稀溶液（即滑溜水）
在不同流速下的摩阻，以清水为空白组计算降阻率，当降阻剂质量浓度为 1.3 g/L 时，降阻率最高可达 72%；在
盐水中，滑溜水降阻率下降，通过提高降阻剂质量浓度的方式可以提升降阻率，盐水中的降阻剂质量浓度为 2 g/L
时，降阻率最高达 70.06%。由 SEM 得知，降阻剂在水中形成的网状结构是聚合物具有降阻性的直接原因。
关键词：阳离子疏水单体；降阻剂；摩阻；降阻率；网状结构；油田化学品与油品添加剂
中图分类号：TE 39 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 09-1923-07

Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of A Drag Reducer Agent
Containing High Proportion of Hydrophobic Monomer

1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
JING Xian-wu , LIU You-quan , XU Yuan , LI Wei , ZHANG Ya-dong , XIONG Ying
（1.Research Institute of Natural Gas Technology, Southwest Oil and Gasfield Company, Chengdu 610213, Sichuan,
China;2.Shale Gas Evolution and Exploitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610213, Sichuan, China）
Abstract: A water-soluble cationic hydrophobic monomer, N,N-dimethyloctadecylallylammonium bromide
(DOAB), was synthesized using 3-bromopropene and N,N-dimethyloctadecylamine. Using water as solvent,
a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide containing high proportion of hydrophobic monomer was
1
synthesized and used as drag reducer agent (DRA). The structure of the DRA obtained by HNMR and
7
elemental analysis was P(AM 0.877-AA 0.113-DOAB 0.01). Molarmass of the DRA was 1.22× 10 g/mol by laser
light scattering. The critical association concentration (CAC) measured by the viscosity method was 2.8 g/L.
The friction of solutions with different mass concentration at different flow rates in the pipeline was tested,
and the drag reduction rate was calculated using the clear water as blank. When the mass concentration of
DRA was 1.3 g/L, the drag reduction rate could reach up to 72%. In salt water, the drag reduction rate
decreased, but it could increase by increasing mass concentration of DRA. When the mass concentration of
DRA was 2 g/L in salt water, the drag reduction rate was 70.06%. SEM showed that the network structure
formed by the DRA in water is the direct reason for the resistance reduction of the polymer.
Key words: cationic hydrophobic monomer; drag reducer; friction; drag reduction rate; network
structure;oil field chemicals and petroleum additives

低浓度的聚合物溶液是油气田大型体积压裂中 性能优良的降阻剂 [3-5] 。在当前的页岩气开发中，滑
主要使用的压裂液，俗称滑溜水体系 [1-2] 。为了尽量 溜水用量巨大，故而研发经济高效的降阻剂有巨大
[6]
降低滑溜水在管道中高速流动时的摩阻，必须选用 的市场和应用前景 。

收稿日期：2018-12-11; 定用日期：2019-03-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180910
基金项目：中国石油重大科技专项（2016E0612）
作者简介：敬显武（1985—），男，博士，工程师，E-mail：Jingxw2018@petrochina.com.cn。