Page 36 - 《精细化工》2020年第11期
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第 37 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.11
2020 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2020
综论
聚氨酯型复合定形相变储能材料研究进展
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赵梦阳,张宇昂,唐炳涛
(大连理工大学 精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁 大连 116024)
摘要:为提高热能利用效率,发展相变储能材料备受关注,传统相变储能材料具有较高的相变焓值和适宜的相
变温度,储放热过程近似等温,过程易控制,但也存在着定形性差、相变后易流动、需额外封装的问题。聚氨
酯型相变储能材料不仅解决了以上传统相变材料的缺点,同时具有储能密度大、相变温度易于调节、可加工性
能好、力学强度高、耐腐蚀等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。以聚氨酯相变材料的结构特征为依据进行分类,从
其合成路径、相变储热特性进行了总结与分析,归纳了其在建筑节能、智能纺织、公路交通等方面的应用进展,
并对其未来研究方向进行了展望。
关键词:聚氨酯;相变材料;储热;调温;热能;合成;性能
中图分类号:TQ323.8; TB34 文献标识码:A
文章编号:1003-5214 (2020) 11-2182-12 开放科学 (资源服务) 标识码 (OSID):
Research process in polyurethane form-stable composite phase change materials
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ZHAO Mengyang, ZHANG Yuang, TANG Bingtao
(State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China)
Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of the thermal energy utilization, the development of phase
change energy storage materials has attracted much attention. The traditional phase change energy storage
materials have high phase change enthalpy and suitable phase change temperature. The process of heat
storage and release is almost isothermal and easy to control. However, there are some problems such as
poor formability, easy flow after phase change and extra packaging. Among them, polyurethane phase
change materials solve the shortcomings of the tradition phase change materials. At the same time, it has the
advantages of large energy storage density, easy adjustment of phase change temperature, good processability,
high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. So it has a broad application prospect. Polyurethane
phase change materials are classified according to their structural characteristics. Their synthesis routes and
phase change thermal storage properties are summarized and analyzed. The application process of
polyurethane phase change materials in construction industry, intelligent textile and road traffic and other
aspects are introduced. Finally, the future research direaction is prospected.
Key words: polyurethane; phase change materials; thermal storage; temperature regulation; thermal energy;
synthesis; properties
随着经济社会的发展,人们对能源的需求日益 形式,大多数的一次能源都是以热能的形式被利用,
[2]
增加,不可再生能源的急剧消耗及其产生的环境污 广泛用于工业生产、地热供暖以及医疗等领域 。
染已成为当今社会面临的严峻问题。因此,开发新 热能的存储方式主要包括显热储热、化学反应
[3]
的能量存储技术,提高能源利用率,与开发新能源同 储热和潜热储热 。潜热储热也称相变储热,以相变
[1]
等重要 。热能是能源供应最重要和最基本的能量 材料(PCMs)作为储能介质,利用其相态转变吸收
收稿日期:2020-05-12; 定用日期:2020-07-01; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200394
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(21576039);辽宁省高等学校创新人才支持计划(LCR2018066)
作者简介:赵梦阳(1996—),女,硕士生,E-mail:645481473@qq.com。联系人:唐炳涛(1975—),男,教授,E-mail:tangbt@
dlut.edu.cn。