Page 204 - 《精细化工》2020年第3期

第 37 卷第 3 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.3
202 0 年 3 月 FINE CHEMICALS Mar. 2020

粘合剂
高温致活工业明胶木材胶黏剂的制备及应用

1
王学川 1,2 ，王利红 ，张思肖 1,2 ，刘新华 1,2 ，蓝晓梅 1,2
（1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 中国轻工业皮革清洁生产重点实验室，
陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：以废弃皮革中提取的工业明胶为原料，甲乙酮肟制备的封闭型水性聚氨酯为交联剂，通过在高温热压条
件下解封出活性异氰酸酯基团，使其与明胶产生交联，合成出高温致活封闭型工业明胶木材胶黏剂。FTIR 和
DSC 结果表明，甲乙酮肟分子上的羟基与聚氨酯预聚体上的异氰酸酯基团发生缩聚反应，其最大解封温度约
126 ℃。SEM 结果显示，胶黏剂经高温固化后表面更为光滑，说明明胶与封闭型水性聚氨酯组分间的相容性得
到了提高。应用测试结果表明，当封闭型水性聚氨酯占明胶水溶液质量的 20%时，胶黏剂的湿剪切强度高达 0.97
MPa，满足国家Ⅱ类胶合板的使用要求，且最佳的热压工艺条件是热压温度 150 ℃、热压时间 4 min、涂胶量
2
300 g/m 。
关键词：工业明胶；封闭型水性聚氨酯；木材胶黏剂；剪切强度
中图分类号：TQ431.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2020) 03-0622-07

Preparation and application of a high temperature activated

industrial gelatin wood adhesive

1,2
1,2
1,2
1
1,2
WANG Xuechuan , WANG Lihong , ZHANG Sixiao , LIU Xinhua , LAN Xiaomei
（1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Leather Cleaner Production China National Light Industry,Xi'an 710021,
Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: A high temperature activated industrial gelatin wood adhesive was synthesized via a reaction
between industrial gelatin and isocynate groups released from blocked waterborne polyurethane under high
temperature and hot-pressing conditions. Wherein, the industrial gelatin was extracted from waste leather
and the blocked waterborne polyurethane was prepared using methyl ethyl ketoxime as blocking agent.
FTIR and DSC results showed that the hydroxyl group on the methyl ethyl ketone oxime molecule and the
isocyanate group on the polyurethane prepolymer underwent condensation polymerization, and the
maximum unblocking temperature was about 126 ℃. SEM results revealed that the surface of adhesive
was smoother after curing at high temperature, indicating that the compatibility between gelatin and
blocked waterborne polyurethane component was improved. The application test results demonstrated that
the wet shear strength of adhesive was up to 0.97 MPa when the content of the blocked waterborne
polyurethane was 20% based on the mass of gelatin aqueous solution, which met the national requirements
of Class Ⅱ plywood. The optimum hot-pressing process conditions were obtained as follows: hot-pressing
2
temperature 150 ℃, hot pressing time 4 min, amount of glue spread 300 g/m .
Key words: industrial gelatin; blocked waterborne polyurethane; wood adhesive; shear strength

[1]
随着木材原料结构的变化，中国木质材料的供 是由人造板制作而成的 。随着人造板生产量的增
应已由实体木材转向胶接木材，现在的木制品大多 加，木材用胶黏剂的生产就显得尤为重要。目前，

收稿日期：2019-06-28; 定用日期：2019-09-20; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190613
基金项目：国家自然基金项目（21776169）
作者简介：王学川（1963—），男，二级教授，博士生导师，E-mail：15802958501@163.com。