Page 186 - 《精细化工》2020年第4期

·820· 精细化工 FINE CHEMICALS 第 37 卷

明整理棉织物燃烧增长速率变慢，火灾危险性也就 3 结论
越低 [24] 。整理棉织物的最大热释放速率（PHRR）
2
2
及 THR 分别为 57.9 kW/m 、2.9 MJ/m ，明显低于 （1）以亚磷酸二甲酯、丙烯酰胺、三聚氯氰为
2
2
纯棉织物的 203.5 kW/m 、6.0 MJ/m ，说明整理棉 原料分两步成功制备了无甲醛棉用磷-氮型阻燃剂，
1
织物在燃烧过程中释放的热量更少，阻燃剂通过促 通过 FTIR、 HNMR 和 31 PNMR 对阻燃剂结构进行
进纤维素形成炭层，隔绝了热量，使燃烧不易扩散。 了表征，并对棉织物进行了阻燃整理。
最后的残炭率也证明了这点，整理棉织物的残炭率为 （2）整理棉织物的纤维表面粗糙，出现了大量
23.1%，纯棉织物的残炭率为 1.0%，这也说明阻燃剂 颗粒，整理棉织物的 FTIR 谱图中存在阻燃剂的特
促进了纤维素脱水成炭，提高了棉织物的燃烧性能。 征吸收峰，证明阻燃剂成功整理到棉织物上。整理
棉织物的热稳定性得到了提高，在氮气和空气气氛
中最大热分解速率分别降低了 66.7%及 68.0%。整
理棉织物 LOI 提高到 31.0%，具有良好的离火自熄
性。CCT 表明整理棉织物的 HRR、THR 均有明显
降低。
本文合成的阻燃剂是一种水溶性好、效率高、
不含甲醛的棉用磷-氮型阻燃剂，未来在家装等方面
具备广阔的应用前景。

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整理 23.0 57.9 2.9 1.8 7.8 23.1
织物 （下转第 833 页）