Page 187 - 《精细化工》2020年第4期

第 37 卷第 4 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.4
202 0 年 4 月 FINE CHEMICALS Apr. 2020

纺织染整助剂
多元羧酸复配提升 1,4-萘醌天然染料对棉的染色性能

*
张 莉，李 红 ，高 源，朱炯霖，闫 俊
（大连工业大学 纺织与材料工程学院，辽宁 大连 116034）

摘要：为改善 1,4-萘醌天然染料对棉织物的染色性能，采用柠檬酸与酒石酸复配进行交联染色。采用扫描
电镜、红外光谱分析了染色前后棉织物的结构，探讨了染色前后棉织物的染色性能和物理性能以及染色机
理。结果表明，交联染色后，1,4-萘醌天然染料通过酯键固着在织物上，棉织物表面变得粗糙。与 1,4-萘醌
天然染料直接染色样品相比，采用柠檬酸和酒石酸复配交联染色后染品的上染率和染色深度（K/S）分别提
高了 21%和 83%，匀染性良好，染品的黄光增加，颜色饱和度提高，摩擦牢度提高了 1~3 级，耐洗色牢度
提高了 1~2 级，抗皱性能大约提高了 50%，水接触角提高了 11%。
关键词：柠檬酸；酒石酸；1,4-萘醌天然染料；棉织物；染色性能；纺织染整助剂
中图分类号：TS193.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2020) 04-0821-06

Improvement of the dyeing properties of 1, 4-naphthoquinone natural

dye on cotton by polycarboxylic acid complex

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ZHANG Li, LI Hong , GAO Yuan, ZHU Jionglin, YAN Jun
（College of Textile & Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China）

Abstract: To improve the dyeing properties of 1,4-naphthoquinone natural dye on cotton fabrics, a mixture
of citric acid and tartaric acid was used for crosslinking dyeing. The structure of cotton fabrics before and
after dyeing was analyzed by SEM and FTIR. The dyeing properties, physical properties and dyeing
mechanism of cotton fabrics before and after dyeing were discussed. The results showed that 1,
4-naphthoquinone natural dye was bonded to the fabrics by ester bonds, and the surface of cotton fabrics
became rough after crosslinking dyeing. Compared with those of the direct dyeing cotton fabrics, the dyeing
rate and dyeing depth (K/S) of the crosslinking dyeing cotton fabrics with the mixture of citric acid and
tartaric acid were increased by 21% and 83%, respectively. The good levelness property was obtained. At
the same time, the yellow light and color saturation of the dyed product increased, the rubbing fastness
increased by about 1~3 levels，and the washing fastness increased by about 1~2 levels, the crease resistance
was enhanced by about 50%，and the water contact angle was increased by 11%.
Key words: citric acid; tartaric acid; 1,4-naphthoquinone natural dyes; cotton fabrics; dyeing properties;
dyeing and finishing auxiliaries

天然染料具有安全环保、抗菌消炎等优点 [1-2] 。 离子媒染剂）对染品的色光会产生一定影响 [4-6] 。对
1,4-萘醌天然染料主要来自指甲草的根部和叶子，其 棉纤维进行阳离子化处理，使天然染料与棉纤维通
对蛋白质纤维织物的上染性能较好，而对棉织物的 过离子键的形式结合，可提高天然染料的上染率及
[3]
染色性能较差 。通常采用媒染法、对棉纤维进行 色牢度。但离子键的结合对染品的耐洗牢度和耐晒
改性以及添加染整助剂等方法提高其对棉织物的染 牢度的提升非常有限 [7-8] 。为提高天然染料的染色性
色性能。媒染后废液中残留的金属离子会对环境造 能，常采用的染整助剂一般为小分子添加剂和聚合
成污染，同时部分媒染剂（钛、铁、铝、锌等金属 物固色剂。其中，小分子添加剂不能固着在棉纤维

收稿日期：2019-09-20; 定用日期：2019-12-09; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190886
基金项目：辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目（J2019019）
作者简介： 张 莉（1993—），女，硕士生，E-mail：956961070@qq.com。联系人：李 红（1971—），女，副教授，E-mail：lihong@dlpu.edu.cn。