Page 17 - 《精细化工》2021年第1期
P. 17

第 1 期                     郑琳姗,等:  微生物燃料电池技术及其影响因素研究进展                                     ·7·


            PVDF-g-PSSA)复合质子交换膜。图 6a~c 为在 MFC                  松散,性能更佳。当 SGO@SiO 2 的添加量为 1.0%(指
            中运行 1 个月后 PVDF-g-PSSA、SGO/PVDF-g-PSSA              SGO@SiO 2 质量与 PVDF-g-PSSA 质量的百分比)
            和 SGO@SiO 2 /PVDF-g-PSSA 膜的结垢表面的 SEM               时,离子交换容量达到 1.6 meq/g,质子传导率为
            照片。由图 6a 和 b 可见,污染物致密,而图 6c 可                      0.078 S/cm,复合膜的防污能力变得更强。使用
            见,污染物比较松散。表面污染物可抑制质子传递                             SGO@SiO 2/ PVDF-g-PSSA 膜的微生物燃料电池功
                                                                                                           2
                                                                                2
            和液体运动,降低 MFC 的性能。因此,SGO@SiO 2 /                    率密度(185 mW/m )比 Nafion-117(132 mW/m )
            PVDF-g-PSSA 膜吸附的污染物较少,且污染物层较                       高,COD 去除率为 75%。














                    图 6  PVDF-g-PSSA(a)、SGO/PVDF-g-PSSA(b)和 SGO@SiO 2 /PVDF-g-PSSA(c)的 SEM 图       [55]
             Fig. 6    SEM images of composite materials PVDF-g-PSSA (a), SGO/PVDF-g-PSSA (b) and SGO@SiO 2 /PVDF-g-PSSA (c) [55]

            3    结束语及展望                                            anodes based on  stainless steel fiber felt for high-performance
                                                                   microbial fuel cells[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 258(15):
                                                                   204-209.
                 MFC 作为同步废水降解与产电的绿色能源技                         [4]   TUNC C, AYKUT K, VILDAN E A, et al. Efficacy of microbial fuel
            术,具有大规模应用于污水处理的潜力,但产电效                                 cells for sensing of cocaine metabolites in urine-based wastewater[J].
                                                                   Journal of Power Sources, 2019, 438: 1-7.
            率低是限制 MFC 实际应用的主要因素。通过优化                           [5]   AHMED Y R, ZAINAB  Z I. Polarization model of microbial fuel
                                                                   cell for treatment of actual potato  chips  processing  wastewater
            MFC 的系统组成,如电极材料、产电微生物、营                                associated with  power generation[J]. Journal  of Electroanalytical
            养物质、构型及电子受体等,可显著提升 MFC 的产                              Chemistry, 2019, 836: 176-181.
                                                               [6]   CHOI S. Microscale microbial fuel cells: Advances and challenges[J].
            电性能,未来 MFC 的研究应集中在以下几方面:                               Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2015, 69: 8-25.
            (1)进一步优化 MFC 的构型以降低大规模 MFC                         [7]   DO M H, NGO H H, GUO W S, et al. Challenges in the application
                                                                   of microbial fuel cells to wastewater treatment and energy production:
            的过电位,构建新型 MFC 以提升 MFC 的产电性能;                           A  mini review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 639:
            (2)阳极材料的改善可以有效提高电子传递效率,                                910-920.
                                                               [8]   SUN C Y (孙彩玉), LI L X (李立欣), WANG J (王晶),  et al.
            有利于生物膜的形成,寻找有效的改性方法和开发                                 Performance study of organic wastewater and heavy metal wastewater
            新材料是今后研究的方向;(3)阴极材料的高比表                                treatment by dual-chamber microbial fuel cell[J]. Technology of
                                                                   Water Treatment (水处理技术), 2019, 45(8): 99-102.
            面积和孔隙率有利于氧气的扩散和质子的传递,增                             [9]   LI X (李雪), WANG  L (王琳), WANG  L (王丽). Study on the
                                                                   performance of microbial fuel cell-constructed wetland for wastewater
            大阴极的比表面积可有效改善产电效率。需研发出                                 treatment and simultaneous electricity generation[J]. Technology of
            低成本的阴极材料,特别是非 Pt 材料;(4)需要                              Water Treatment (水处理技术), 2018, 44(2): 109-114.
                                                               [10]  TAN Y C, KHARKWAL  S,  CHEW K  K  W,  et al. Enhancing the
            质子传导性强和低成本的 PEM,运用纳米技术制作                               robustness  of microbial fuel cell sensor for continuous copper(Ⅱ)
            具有理想传导性能和低成本优势的新型膜材料。                                  detection against organic strength fluctuations by acetate and glucose
                                                                   addition[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 259: 357-364.
                 随着 MFC 技术的逐渐成熟与发展,MFC 技术                      [11]  YE Y Y, NGO H H, GUO W S, et al. Effect of organic loading rate
            不仅可用于污水处理及能源回收,还可应用于生物                                 on the recovery of nutrients and energy in a dual-chamber microbial
                                                                   fuel cell[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 281: 367-373.
            传感器监测污水指标;修复地表水及土壤;作为海                             [12]  RAHMAN A, BORHAN M S, RAHMAN S. Evaluation of microbial
            上发电站解决远海能源问题;以及作为可穿戴电源,                                fuel cell (MFC) for bioelectricity generation and pollutants removal
                                                                   from sugar beet processing wastewater (SBPW)[J]. Water Science &
            提升士兵作战能力也是未来的研究方向。                                     Technology, 2017, 77(2): 387-397.
                                                               [13]  HWANG J H, KIM K Y, RESURRECCION E P,  et al. Surfactant
            参考文献:                                                  addition to enhance bioavailability of bilge water in single chamber
                                                                   microbial fuel cells (MFCs)[J]. Journal of Hazardous  Materials,
            [1]   AZHAHAM P S, THANGAVEL M, GARLAPATI D, et al. Biofuel   2019, 368: 732-738.
                 policy in India: A review of policy barriers in sustainable marketing   [14]  REN Y P, CHEN J L, LI X F,  et al. Enhanced bioelectricity
                 of biofuel[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 193: 734-747.     generation  of air-cathode buffer-free microbial fuel cells through
            [2]   SANTORO C, ARBIZZANI  C, ERABLE B,  et al. Microbial fuel   short-term anolyte pH adjustment[J]. Bioelectrochemistry, 2018, 120:
                 cells: From fundamentals to applications. A review[J].  Journal of   145-149.
                 Power Sources, 2017, 356: 225-244.            [15]  ESTRADA-ARRIAGA E B, HERNÁNDEZ-ROMANO J, GARCÍA-
            [3]   HOU J X, LIU Z L, YANG S Q, et al. Three-dimensional macroporous   SÁNCHEZ L,  et al. Domestic wastewater treatment  and power
   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22