Page 145 - 《精细化工》2021年第12期

第 12 期 刘士伟，等: 微乳液应用于金属表面油污的清洗 ·2507·

当煤油含量为 12.8%时，微乳液的清洗率达到 98% emulsions[J]. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2013, 76: 83-93.
左右。添加正丁醇可以显著提升微乳液的清洗率， [8] ZHANG Q (张强), WANG X D (汪晓东), JIN R G (金日光).
Analysis on the phase diagrams of pseudo-tricomponent of oleic
随着 Na 2 CO 3 含量的增加，微乳液的清洗率先上升后 acid/ammonia-gasoline-alcohol-water microemulsion system[J]. Journal
下降。 of Beijing University of Chemical Technology (Natural Science
Edition) (北京化工大学学报: 自然科学版), 2001, 28(2): 37-39.
（2）在 20~35 ℃范围内，随着温度的升高，微 [9] XIA X (夏雪), LIU H E (刘会娥), DING C Q (丁传芹), et al.
乳液清洗率明显提升，在 30 ℃左右清洗率可以达 Influence of acidity and alkalinity on sodium dodecyl sulfate-
到 90%左右。在 35 ℃下改变清洗时间，随着清洗 n-butanol-kerosene-water microemulsion system[J]. Petrochemical
Technology (石油化工), 2011, 40(10): 1110-1114.
时间的延长，微乳液清洗率上升，且在前 120 s 内 [10] DONG S X (董松祥). Study on the preparation and performance of
变化明显。效果最好的微乳液配方为：SDBS 含量 energy-saving and clean micro-emulsified diesel oil[D]. Qingdao:
China University of Petroleum (中国石油大学), 2010.
8%、Na 2 CO 3 含量 1.4%、煤油含量 12.8%、正丁醇
[11] CAO J X (曹建喜), LUO L W (罗立文), DONG S X (董松祥), et al.
含量 6.4%。硅酸钠对碳钢、黄铜、铝 3 种金属都有 Preparation and properties of micro-emulsified diesel[J]. Journal of
良好的防护效果，将其作为缓蚀剂添加到基础微乳 China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) (中国石
油大学学报: 自然科学版), 2010, 34(4): 152-156.
液配方中，形成最终清洗剂。 [12] MCCLEMENTS D J. Nanoemulsions versus microemulsions:
（3）清洗剂的清洗率在 98%左右，在实验期内 Terminology, differences, and similarities[J]. Soft Matter, 2012, 8(6):
碳钢、黄铜、铝表面光洁，没有明显的质量变化和 1719-1729.
[13] WANG L (王龙), LIU H E (刘会娥), LIU Y T (刘宇童), et al.
生锈情况。在高温 60 ℃和低温–5 ℃下能保持稳 Emergency treatment of crude oil contaminated soil and resource
定，2 min 内泡沫完全消失，是一种低泡碱性清洗剂。 recovery using microemulsion[J]. CIESC Journal (化工学报), 2019,
70(7): 2699-2707.
（4）在 35 ℃下，与市场上已有的商用通用型
[14] LIU Y T (刘宇童), CHEN S (陈爽), LU C Q (鲁长青), et al.
金属油污清洗剂相比，自制清洗剂在 330 s 左右基 Experimental study on microemulsion leaching of jet fuel
本可以实现油污的 100%清除，商用清洗剂在 5 h 的 contaminated soil[J]. Environmental Chemistry (环境化学), 2019,
38(12): 2836-2842.
清洗率仅为 56.3%。自制清洗剂可望用于机床、金
[15] WANG M (王娩), CHEN S (陈爽), LIU H E (刘会娥), et al. Effect
属工件等金属表面油污的清洗。 of cosurfactant and oil/water volume ratio on the phase behavior of
microemulsion[J]. Fine Chemicals ( 精细化工 ), 2020, 37(8):
参考文献： 1645-1652.
[16] LIU X M (刘喜梅), LUO X M (罗新民), LI C F (李春风). The
[1] TENJARLA S. Micro-emulsions: An overview and pharmaceutical
applications[J]. Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier effects of the water-soluble inhibitors on the microemulsion as
grinding fluid[J]. Lubrication Engineering (润滑与密封), 2003, (1):
Systems, 1999, 16(5): 461-521.
33-34.
[2] LAWRENCE M J, REES G D. Nano-emulsion-based media as novel
drug delivery systems[J]. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2012, [17] WANG H (王恒). Metal cleaning and rust prevention[M]. Beijing:
Chemical Industry Press (化学工业出版社), 2013: 68-204.
64(1): 175-193.
[18] COX M F. Surfactants for hard-surface cleaning: Mechanisms of
[3] LIU H E, WU Z H, JING J G, et al. Partition of n-butanol among
phases and solubilization ability of Winsor type Ⅲ microemulsions[J]. solid soil removal[J]. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society,
1986, 63(4): 559-565.
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2016, 19: 713-724.
[19] BELLOCP A M. Lonic effects of alcohol chain length and salt on
[4] MALIK M A, WANI M Y, HASHIM M A. Microemulsion method: A
novel route to synthesize organic and inorganic nanomaterials[J]. phase behavior and critical phenomena in SDS microemulsions[M]//
Marcel Dekker, Handbook of Microemulsion Science and
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2012, 5(4): 397-417.
[5] SINGH V, BUSHEETTI S S, RAJU S A, et al. Microemulsions as Technology, New York, 1999: 139-184.
promising delivery systems: A review[J]. Indian Journal of [20] ROSTAMI A, NGUYEN D T, NASR EL-DIN H A. Improving
Pharmaceutical Education, 2011, 45(4): 392-401. relative permeability to gas in tight sandstone formations by using
[6] LI Y, YOKOYAMA W, XU S N, et al. Formation and stability of microemulsions[C]//International Petroleum Technology Conference
W/O microemulsion formed by food grade ingredients and its oral 2014. Richardson: Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014: 3807-3818.
delivery of insulin in mice[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2017, 30: [21] WANG L (王龙), LIU H E (刘会娥), CHEN S (陈爽), et al.
134-141. Solubilization performance for quaternary ammonium salt cationic
[7] ASLANIDOU D, TSIOPTSIAS C, PANAYIOTOU C. A novel surfactants microemulsion[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2019,
approach for textile cleaning based on supercritical CO 2 and Pickering 36(6): 1091-1096.