Page 82 - 《精细化工》2021年第8期

第 38 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.8
202 1 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2021

功能材料
基于静电纺丝制备的聚乙烯醇/高岭土止血膜

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龚孟翔 ，刘宸宇 ，李经国 ，柳春玉 ，王大志 ，乔卫红
（1. 大连理工大学 化工学院，辽宁 大连 116024；2. 大连理工大学 机械工程学院，辽宁 大连 116024）
摘要：采用静电纺丝技术将聚乙烯醇/高岭土的水混合物固化，制得一系列不同高岭土含量的止血膜。通过 SEM
与 EDS 图谱分析纤维化止血膜与材料中高岭土颗粒的形貌和元素分布情况。结果表明，高岭土能够有效分布在
止血膜中。当高岭土为聚乙烯醇水溶液（质量分数 10%）质量的 2%时，制得的止血膜（PK2）具有最佳的止血
效果，其猪血的体外抗凝时间为(254 ± 2) s、SD 大鼠肝损伤止血时间为(167 ± 9) s、肝损伤失血量最小仅为(0.21
± 0.05) g。探究 PK2 止血膜的止血机理表明，其可有效激活内、外源性止血途径，比空白对照组的血浆凝固时
间分别降低了 7.2%、4.7%，且在 8 min 左右即能生成较为紧密的凝血块。止血膜的低细胞毒性和低溶血率表明
其具有较好的应用前景。
关键词：静电纺丝；聚乙烯醇；高岭土；止血材料；止血性能
中图分类号：R318.08；TQ340.64 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 08-1576-06

Polyvinyl alcohol/kaolin hemostatic membranes based on

electrospinning technology

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GONG Mengxiang , LIU Chenyu , LI Jingguo , LIU Chunyu , WANG Dazhi , QIAO Weihong
（1. School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China; 2. School of
Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China）
Abstract: A series of hemostatic membranes with different kaolin contents were fabricated by
electrospinning technology by curing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/kaolin water mixture. The morphology and
element distribution of kaolin particles in the fibrotic hemostatic membrane and materials were analyzed by
SEM and EDS. The results showed that kaolin could be effectively distributed in hemostatic membrane.
When the kaolin content was 2% of the mass PVA aqueous solution (mass fraction 10%), the prepared
hemostatic membrane (PK2) had the best hemostatic effect. The in vitro anticoagulant time of pig blood
was (254 ± 2) s. The hemostasis time of SD rats with liver injury was (167 ± 9) s, and the minimum blood
loss was (0.21 ± 0.05) g. The hemostatic mechanism of PK2 was investigated. it was found that PK2 could
could effectively activate the internal and external hemostasis pathways. Compared with that of blank
control group, plasma coagulation time decreased by 7.2% and 4.7%, respectively. And it formed strong
blood clots about 8 min. Combining with the low cytotoxicity and low hemolysis rate, it could be concluded
that the PVA/kaolin electrospun membranes had high prospect on commercial application.
Key words: electrospin; polyvinyl alcohol; kaolin; hemostatic materials; hemostatic performance

不可控出血是事故、手术、战场等现场死亡的 微球等生物制剂和高岭土等硅铝酸盐构成，所涉及
首要因素。严重出血不仅会导致伤者快速死亡，还 的制备工艺主要是冷冻干燥 [3-5] ，但冷冻干燥耗时
会引发如凝血类疾病、体温过低、重度感染等多种 长、耗能高。因此，开发可用于大规模制备止血材
并发症 [1-2] ，这些并发症也会直接或间接导致伤者的 料的新工艺具有极其重要的意义。
死亡。目前，止血材料主要由壳聚糖等多糖、止血 静电纺丝技术是一种高分子流体静电固化工

收稿日期：2021-02-06; 定用日期：2021-04-06; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210145
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（21776038）；中央高校基本科研基金（DUT19GJ203）
作者简介：龚孟翔（1996—），男，硕士生，E-mail: 993135321@qq.com。联系人：乔卫红（1968—），女，教授，E-mail: qiaoweihong@
dlut.edu.cn。