Page 88 - 《精细化工》2021年第8期
P. 88
第 38 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.8
202 1 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2021
表面活性剂
增稠氨基酸表面活性剂的吡咯烷酮柠檬酸盐
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吴 珂,鹿正为,葛 新,刘学民
(江南大学 化学与材料工程学院,江苏 无锡 214122)
摘要:利用吡咯烷酮表面活性剂〔N-辛基-2-吡咯烷酮(C8P)和 N-十二烷基-2-吡咯烷酮(C12P)〕与柠檬酸以
非共价键形式构筑了一系列吡咯烷酮柠檬酸盐表面活性剂(HCA-nC8P,HCA-nC12P),考察了表面化学性能的
影响因素以及不同比例的柠檬酸对 C8P 或 C12P 溶解和润湿性能的影响。表面张力和电导率实验表明,形成了
离子型表面活性剂,并且相较于 HCA-nC8P,柠檬酸的引入更能影响 HCA-nC12P 的表面活性。随着 C8P 或 C12P
与柠檬酸物质的量比增大,表面活性剂水溶液的临界胶束浓度和饱和吸附量逐渐减小,吸附效率和最小吸附面
积逐渐增大。当 C8P 或 C12P 与柠檬酸物质的量比为 1∶1 时,产物 HCA-1C8P 和 HCA-1C12P 的水溶性增强。
吡咯烷酮柠檬酸盐能显著增加月桂酰肌氨酸钠表面活性剂水溶液的黏度,其中,黏度约增加为质量分数为 15 %
的月桂酰肌氨酸钠水溶液的 80 倍。
关键词:吡咯烷酮;柠檬酸;表面性能;润湿性;氨基酸表面活性剂;增稠
中图分类号:TQ423 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2021) 08-1582-09
Pyrrolidone citrate used for thickening of amino acid surfactants
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WU Ke, LU Zhengwei, GE Xin , LIU Xuemin
(School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China)
Abstract: A series of pyrrolidone citrate surfactants (HCA-nC8P, HCA-nC12P) were constructed via
non-covalent bonding with citric acid and pyrrolidone surfactants [N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone (C8P) and
N-dodecyl-2- pyrrolidone (C12P)]. The related factors affecting surface-active properties and the effect of
different proportion of citric acid on the solubility and wetting of C8P or C12P were studied. The
experiments of surface tension and electrical conductivity showed that the ionic surfactants were formed,
and the addition of citric acid could more affect the surface activity of HCA-nC12P than that of HCA-nC8P.
With the increase of the molar ratio of C8P or C12P to citric acid, the critical micelle concentration and
saturated adsorption capacity of surfactant aqueous solution decreased gradually, while the adsorption
efficiency and minimum adsorption area increased gradually. Especially, when the molar ratio of C8P or
C12P to citric acid was 1∶1, the water solubility of corresponding HCA-1C8P or HCA-1C12P increased.
Pyrrolidone citrate surfactants could obviously increase the viscosity of sodium lauroyl sarcosine aqueous
solution, in which the viscosity of sodium lauryl sarcosine aqueous solution (mass fraction 15%) increased
to about 80 fold after adding HCA-2C12P.
Key words: pyrrolidone; citric acid; surface properties; wettability; amino acid surfactants; thickening
N-烷基吡咯烷酮具有五元环内酰胺结构,是生 烷基吡咯烷酮的烷基碳数大于 6 后不易形成胶束等
物质平台分子如丁内酯 [1-3] 、乙酰丙酸 [4-8] 、谷氨酸 [9-10] 类似的聚集体,水溶性较低,容易从水溶液中析出,
等的重要衍生物,可用作超级溶剂、皮肤保湿剂、 这在很大程度上限制了长链 N-烷基吡咯烷酮的广泛
表面活性剂及聚合物材料,也是润湿剂、清洁剂、 应用 [11-14] 。学者们采用很多方法解决上述问题。例
香波增稠剂、染发烫发调理剂的主要成分。但当 N- 如:在吡咯烷酮分子中进一步增加亲水基团 [15] ;构
收稿日期:2021-01-27; 定用日期:2021-04-01; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210107
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(22078130)
作者简介:吴 珂(1996—),女,硕士生。联系人:刘学民(1965—),男,教授,E-mail:lxm@jiangnan.edu.cn。