Page 53 - 《精细化工》2022年第11期

第 39 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.11
2022 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2022

综论
荧光探针检测有机溶剂水含量的研究进展

杨绍祥，邓 兵，端 宁

（北京工商大学 轻工科学技术学院，北京 100048）

摘要：近几年来，由有机溶剂中微量水引起的工厂、实验室爆炸事件频频发生，引起了社会的极大关注，亟须
一种便捷的方法对有机溶剂中的水含量进行测定。作为新兴发展的分析工具，荧光探针具有灵敏度高、选择性
好、毒性小、实时可视化监测等优点，在化学化工、食品、环境等领域均有应用。该文综述了近 5 年水诱导质
子化型荧光探针、水诱导金属络合物解离型荧光探针、水参与的化学反应型荧光探针、水诱导形成氢键型荧光
探针、水诱导光致电子转移关闭型荧光探针、水诱导分子内电荷转移/扭曲分子内电荷转移型荧光探针、水诱导
荧光聚集诱导增强型荧光探针识别水分子的机理；总结了不同机理荧光探针灵敏度和检测限的差异，比较了不
同机理荧光探针之间性能的差异以及适用范围；介绍了不同机理荧光探针检测有机溶剂中水含量的优缺点及其
应用；最后，对荧光探针在检测有机溶剂水含量的前景进行了展望。
关键词：水；有机溶剂；荧光探针；食品；识别策略
中图分类号：O657.3；TQ413.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2022) 11-2203-12

Research progresses on fluorescent probes for
water detection in organic solvents

YANG Shaoxiang, DENG Bing, DUAN Ning
（School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China）

Abstract: In recent years, frequent factory and laboratory explosions caused by trace water in organic
solvents have aroused great social concern, which makes the development of a convenient method for water
content assessment in organic solvents is of urgent need. As an emerging analytic tool, organic fluorescent
probes offer high sensitivity, good selectivity, low toxicity, real-time visual monitoring and are commonly
used in the fields of chemical engineering, food, environment, and so on. In this review, water recognition
mechanisms of water induction type fluorescent probes, water induced metal complex dissociation type
fluorescent probes, water-involved chemical reaction type fluorescent probes, water induced to form
hydrogen bond type fluorescent probes, water induced photo-induced electron transfer turn off type
fluorescent probes, water induced intramolecular charge transfer/twisted intramolecular charge transfer type
fluorescent probes and water induced aggregation induced emission enhancement type fluorescent probes
developed in recent five years were summarized. The differences in sensitivity, detection limits, properties
and application ranges of fluorescent probes with different mechanisms were then analyzed and compared,
followed by discussions on the advantages, disadvantages and applications of fluorescence probes with
different mechanisms for water content measurement in organic solvents. Finally, the future development
directions of fluorescence probe for water detection in organic solvents was prospected.
Key words: water; organic solvents; fluorescent probes; foodstuff; responding strategies

水是生命孕育和延续的基础，在人类生活的所 燃料受到微量水污染会引起火灾和爆炸；航空汽油
有领域都至关重要，但在化工与能源工业、实验室 中的微量水低温下结冰会堵塞燃料系统，从而阻碍
[2]
[1]
化学等行业，微量水被认定是污染。例如：石油基 安全飞行 ；Mitsunobu 反应要求无水无氧条件 ；

收稿日期：2022-04-13; 定用日期：2022-06-06; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220345
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（31901770）
作者简介：杨绍祥（1985—），男，教授，E-mail：yangshaoxiang@th.btbu.edu.cn。