Page 11 - 《精细化工》2022年第5期
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第 39 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.5
2022 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2022
综论
天然多糖与纳米材料在皮革无铬鞣制中的
研究进展
沈一鸣 1,3,4 ,马建中 1,2,3,4* ,范倩倩 1,2,3,4*
(1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710021;2. 轻化工助剂化学与技术教育部重点实验
室,陕西科技大学,陕西 西安 710021;3. 西安市绿色化学品与功能材料重点实验室,陕西科技大学,
陕西 西安 710021;4. 轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心,陕西科技大学,陕西 西安 710021)
摘要:鞣制是生皮转变为革的“点睛之笔”,铬鞣剂由于渗透性良好,鞣制后坯革综合性能优异等优点,一直在
皮革鞣制中占据主导地位。近年来,越来越多的国家对含铬废弃物的排放限制升级,开发并推广无铬鞣技术势
在必行。天然多糖类生物质材料尺寸可调、官能团丰富、渗透性好但鞣性不足;纳米材料含有大量金属离子,
与皮胶原结合牢固而渗透性差,二者若可以结合使用,有望实现优势互补,取代铬鞣剂实现环境友好型无铬鞣
制。在此背景下,综述了近年来皮革无铬鞣剂的最新研究进展,主要介绍了天然多糖类(淀粉、海藻酸钠、壳
聚糖及纤维素)鞣剂以及纳米材料(蒙脱土、水滑石、笼型聚倍半硅氧烷及金属有机骨架化合物)鞣剂的改性
以及在皮革无铬鞣制中的应用,最后,就当前无铬鞣剂研究中存在的问题及未来发展方向进行了讨论及展望。
关键词:无铬鞣剂;多糖;纳米材料;绿色皮革;清洁生产
中图分类号:TS529.2;TB383.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 05-0865-08
Research progress of natural polysaccharides and nanomaterials
in leather chrome-free tanning
SHEN Yiming 1,3,4 , MA Jianzhong 1,2,3,4* , FAN Qianqian 1,2,3,4*
(1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021,
Shaanxi, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education,
Shaanxi University of Science & Technology,Xiʹan 710021, Shaanxi, China; 3. Xi'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and
Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xiʹan 710021, Shaanxi, China; 4. National Demonstration
Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xiʹan 710021,
Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: Tanning is a magical procedure for the transformation from raw hides to leather. Chrome tanning
agents play a leading role in leather production due to their excellent penetration and comprehensive
performance. In recent years, more and more countries have upgraded the emission limit of
chromium-containing waste, so it is imperative to develop and popularize chromium-free tanning
technology. Nature polysaccharide biomass materials have advantages such as adjustable molecular size,
abundant functional groups and excellent penetration, but show insufficient tanning. Nanomaterials contain
a large number of metal ions and have a strong bond with collagen fibers but poor permeability. If the two
can be used together, it is expected to achieve complementary advantages and replace chrome tanning agent
to achieve environmentally friendly chromium-free tanning. In this background, the latest progress about
chrome-free tanning agents is summarized. The modification of natural polysaccharides including starch,
sodium alginate, chitosan and cellulose tanning agents and nanomaterials such as montmorillonite,
收稿日期:2021-10-29; 定用日期:2021-12-27; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20211111
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目(21838007);生物质高值化利用及纳米复合材料创新团队项目(2021TD-16);轻化工助剂化
学与技术教育部重点实验室开放课题(KFKT2020-08)
作者简介:沈一鸣(1995—),男,博士生,E-mail:294996907@qq.com。联系人:马建中(1960—),男,教授,E-mail:
majz@sust.edu.cn;范倩倩(1991—),女,副教授,E-mail:fqleather@163.com。