Page 209 - 《精细化工》2022年第5期

第 39 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.5
2022 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2022

油田化学品与油品添加剂
蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯合成工艺及摩擦性能


李亚科，宋香琳，李 栋，王留成
（郑州大学 化工学院，河南 郑州 450001）

摘要：为开发环境友好型润滑油添加剂，以蓖麻油酸、二乙醇胺为原料，采用两步合成法制备了蓖麻油酸
二乙醇酰胺（RA），然后 RA 与硼酸合成蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯（RAB）。利用 FTIR 对 RA 及 RAB 的
结构进行表征，并以菜籽油为基础油，考察 RAB 的摩擦性能。通过单因素实验得到合成 RA 的最佳条件为：
酰化反应中 n（蓖麻油酸）∶n（二乙醇胺）=1.0∶0.8，150 ℃下反应 6 h；胺解反应中 n（蓖麻油酸）∶n
（二乙醇胺）=1.0∶0.4，NaOH 用量为蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺总质量的 1%，95 ℃下反应 3 h，RA 产率达
88.10%。RAB 的最佳合成条件为：n（RA）∶n（硼酸）=1.8∶1.0，对甲苯磺酸用量为 RA 和硼酸总质量
的 1.5%，140 ℃下反应 100 min，RAB 产率达 92.78%。添加 RAB 的菜籽油在摩擦表面形成含 B、N 的复
合润滑保护膜，当 RAB 添加量为 2%（以菜籽油的质量计，下同）时，油样最大无卡咬负荷（P B ）比菜籽
油提高了 61%；当 RAB 添加量为 1%时，油样表现出良好的摩擦保护性能。
关键词：蓖麻油酸；二乙醇胺；硼酸酯；摩擦性能；油品添加剂
中图分类号：TQ216；TH117.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2022) 05-1063-09

Synthesis technology and tribological properties of borate of
ricinoleic acid diethanolamine


LI Yake, SONG Xianglin, LI Dong, WANG Liucheng
（College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China）

Abstract: In order to develop environment-friendly lubricant additives, ricinoleic acid diethanolamide (RA)
was prepared using ricinoleic acid and diethanolamine by two-step synthesis method, and then reacted with
boric acid to syhthesize ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate (RAB). The structures of RA and RAB were
characterized by FTIR. The tribological properties of RAB were investigated using rapeseed oil as base oil.
The optimal conditions for the synthesis of RA were obtained by single factor experiment as follows: in
acylation reaction, n(ricinoleic acid)∶n(diethanolamine) =1.0∶0.8, reaction time of 6 h and reaction
temperature of 150 ℃. In aminolysis reaction: n(ricinoleic acid)∶n(diethanolamine)=1.0∶0.4, sodium
hydroxide dosage being 1% of the total mass of ricinoleic acid and diethanolamine, reaction temperature of
95 ℃ and reaction time of 3 h. Under these conditions, the yield of RA reached 88.10%. Under the
conditions of n(RA)∶n(diethanolamine) =1.8∶1.0, p-toluenesulfonic acid dosage being 1.5% of the total
mass of RA and boric acid, and the yield of RAB reached 92.78% at 140 ℃ for 100 min. Rapeseed oil
added with RAB formed a composite lubricating protective film containing B and N on the friction surface.
When the additive amount of RAB was 2% (based on the mass of rapeseed oil, the same below), the
maximum non-seizure load (P B) of oil sample increased by 61% compared with that of rapeseed oil. While
the additive amount of RAB was 1%, the oil sample showed good friction protection performance.
Key words: ricinoleic acid; diethanolamine; borate; tribological properties; petroleum additives

废弃润滑油对环境的危害性部分原因是来自其 中的添加剂。传统润滑油添加剂大多含有 P、S、Cl

收稿日期：2021-11-17; 定用日期：2021-12-24; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20211171
作者简介：李亚科（1996—），男，硕士生。联系人：王留成（1963—），男，教授，E-mail：wanglc@zzu.edu.cn。