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第 40 卷第 2 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.40, No.2
2 023 年 2 月 FINE CHEMICALS Feb. 2023
功能材料
疏水花生壳/聚氨酯复合泡沫的制备与油水分离性能
任龙芳 1,2 ,汤 正 1,2 ,胡 艳 1,2 ,强涛涛 1,2
(1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710021;2. 轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心,
陕西 西安 710021)
摘要:为提高聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)的疏水性能,首先,采用十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(HDTMS)对花生壳粉末(PSP)
进行改性,得到疏水改性花生壳粉末(H-PSP)。水接触角测试结果表明,改性后 H-PSP 的水接触角由 PSP 的 0°
提高至 145.2°。然后,采用预聚体法制备了 PUF 负载 H-PSP 复合材料〔H-PSP-PUF-n,n 为 H-PSP 占聚氨酯预
聚体(PPU)质量的百分数〕。对 H-PSP-PUF-n 的结构和性能进行了表征与测试。结果表明,H-PSP 的负载提高
了泡沫材料的表面粗糙度和力学性能,H-PSP 的最佳负载量为 PPU 质量的 10%(标记为 H-PSP-PUF-10)。与 PUF
相比,H-PSP-PUF-10 的静态水接触角达到 142.4°,较 PUF 提高了 50.4°。对二氯甲烷、石油醚、煤油、二甲苯、
环己烷进行油水分离实验,结果表明,H-PSP-PUF-10 对石油醚、煤油、二甲苯、环己烷的吸油倍率在 7~9 g/g,
而且具有良好的油水选择性。经 15 次吸附-脱附循环后,H-PSP-PUF-10 对各油品的吸油倍率在 6.5~8.0 g/g,具
有良好的循环利用性。
关键词:聚氨酯泡沫;花生壳粉末;疏水改性;油水分离;功能材料
中图分类号:X703;TQ328.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 02-0263-09
Preparation and oil-water separation properties of hydrophobic
peanut shell/polyurethane composite foam
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
REN Longfang , TANG Zheng , HU Yan , QIANG Taotao
(1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education,
Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: To improve the hydrophobic properties of polyurethane foam (PUF), a series of H-PSP
composites [H-PSP-PUF-n, n is the mass fraction of H-PSP in polyurethane prepolymer (PPU)] were
prepared with PUF loaded with hydrophobic modified peanut shell powder (H-PSP), which was synthesized
from peanut shell powder (PSP) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and displayed a water contact
angle of 145.2°, via prepolymer method and then characterized and tested for structure and property
analyses. The results showed that H-PSP loading improved the surface roughness and mechanical properties
of PUF foams, with the optimal H-PSP loading capacity 10% of the mass of PPU (H-PSP-PUF-10). The
static water contact angle of H-PSP-PUF-10 reached up to 142.4°, 50.4° higher than that of PUF. The
oil-water separation performance of H-PSP-PUF-10 for dichloromethane, petroleum ether, kerosene, xylene
and hexamethylene demonstrated that H-PSP-PUF-10 exhibited 7~9 g/g adsorption capacity for petroleum
ether, kerosene, xylene and hexamethylene and good oil-water selectivity as well. After 15 adsorption-
desorption cycles, H-PSP-PUF-10 still retained 6.5~8.0 g/g adsorption capacity for each oil, indicating
excellent recyclability.
Key words: polyurethane foam; peanut shell powder; hydrophobic modification; oil-water separation;
functional materials
收稿日期:2022-04-29; 定用日期:2022-08-11; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220409
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(22178207);陕西省教育厅重点科技专项项目(协同创新中心项目)(20JY003);陕西省重点
科技创新团队(2020TD-009)
作者简介:任龙芳(1981—),女,教授,E-mail:renlf1010@163.com。