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第 40 卷第 2 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.40, No.2
             2 023 年 2 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                  Feb.  2023


              功能材料
               疏水花生壳/聚氨酯复合泡沫的制备与油水分离性能



                                  任龙芳      1,2 ,汤   正    1,2 ,胡   艳    1,2 ,强涛涛      1,2

                 (1.  陕西科技大学  轻工科学与工程学院,陕西  西安  710021;2.  轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心,
                 陕西  西安  710021)


                 摘要:为提高聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)的疏水性能,首先,采用十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(HDTMS)对花生壳粉末(PSP)
                 进行改性,得到疏水改性花生壳粉末(H-PSP)。水接触角测试结果表明,改性后 H-PSP 的水接触角由 PSP 的 0°
                 提高至 145.2°。然后,采用预聚体法制备了 PUF 负载 H-PSP 复合材料〔H-PSP-PUF-n,n 为 H-PSP 占聚氨酯预
                 聚体(PPU)质量的百分数〕。对 H-PSP-PUF-n 的结构和性能进行了表征与测试。结果表明,H-PSP 的负载提高
                 了泡沫材料的表面粗糙度和力学性能,H-PSP 的最佳负载量为 PPU 质量的 10%(标记为 H-PSP-PUF-10)。与 PUF
                 相比,H-PSP-PUF-10 的静态水接触角达到 142.4°,较 PUF 提高了 50.4°。对二氯甲烷、石油醚、煤油、二甲苯、
                 环己烷进行油水分离实验,结果表明,H-PSP-PUF-10 对石油醚、煤油、二甲苯、环己烷的吸油倍率在 7~9 g/g,
                 而且具有良好的油水选择性。经 15 次吸附-脱附循环后,H-PSP-PUF-10 对各油品的吸油倍率在 6.5~8.0 g/g,具
                 有良好的循环利用性。
                 关键词:聚氨酯泡沫;花生壳粉末;疏水改性;油水分离;功能材料
                 中图分类号:X703;TQ328.3      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 02-0263-09



                      Preparation and oil-water separation properties of hydrophobic
                                   peanut shell/polyurethane composite foam


                                              1,2
                                                                       1,2
                                                                                       1,2
                                                             1,2
                                REN Longfang , TANG Zheng , HU Yan , QIANG Taotao
                 (1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an
                 710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education,
                 Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China)
                 Abstract: To improve the hydrophobic properties of polyurethane foam (PUF), a series of  H-PSP
                 composites [H-PSP-PUF-n,  n is the mass fraction of H-PSP in  polyurethane prepolymer (PPU)] were
                 prepared with PUF loaded with hydrophobic modified peanut shell powder (H-PSP), which was synthesized
                 from peanut shell powder (PSP) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) and displayed a water contact
                 angle of 145.2°,  via  prepolymer  method  and then characterized and  tested for structure and  property
                 analyses. The results showed that H-PSP loading improved the surface roughness and mechanical properties
                 of PUF foams, with the optimal H-PSP loading capacity 10% of the mass of PPU (H-PSP-PUF-10). The
                 static water contact angle  of H-PSP-PUF-10 reached up  to  142.4°, 50.4°  higher than that of PUF. The
                 oil-water separation performance of H-PSP-PUF-10 for dichloromethane, petroleum ether, kerosene, xylene
                 and hexamethylene demonstrated that H-PSP-PUF-10 exhibited 7~9 g/g adsorption capacity for petroleum
                 ether, kerosene,  xylene and  hexamethylene and good  oil-water selectivity as well. After  15 adsorption-
                 desorption cycles, H-PSP-PUF-10 still retained  6.5~8.0 g/g adsorption  capacity for each  oil, indicating
                 excellent recyclability.
                 Key words:  polyurethane foam; peanut shell powder;  hydrophobic  modification;  oil-water separation;
                 functional materials

                 收稿日期:2022-04-29;  定用日期:2022-08-11; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220409
                 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(22178207);陕西省教育厅重点科技专项项目(协同创新中心项目)(20JY003);陕西省重点
                 科技创新团队(2020TD-009)
                 作者简介:任龙芳(1981—),女,教授,E-mail:renlf1010@163.com。
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