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第 35 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.11
2018 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2018

水处理技术与环境保护
pH 敏感型纳米粒子的制备及其对含油污水的净化

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谢泽辉 ，柳建新 1,2* ，王同旺 ，董沅武 ，徐 魏
（1. 长江大学 石油工程学院，湖北 武汉 430100；2. 湖北省油气钻采工程重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430100）
摘要：首先采用共同沉淀法制备了 Fe 3 O 4 磁性纳米粒子，再通过正硅酸四乙酯水解包覆在其表面形成 SiO 2 壳层，
最后将硅烷偶联剂 KH-550 在 Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 上进行接枝改性，得到了表面氨基功能化的磁性纳米粒子（A-MNPs）。
通过 TEM、FTIR、VSM 对纳米粒子的微观形貌、化学组成、磁学性能进行了测试，并将其应用于油田含油污
水的净化处理。结果显示：表面氨基化的结构使 A-MNPs 具有 pH 敏感性，因此可通过改变 pH 实现 A-MNPs
的重复使用，当 pH=4 时 A-MNPs 达到最佳除油效果。当 A-MNPs 浓度为 200 mg/L 时便可将模拟含油污水透光
度提高到 99.4%；500 mg/L 的 A-MNPs 重复使用 10 次后仍可使净化后含油污水的透光度保持在 80%以上；
A-MNPs 对由不同浓度的氯化钠、高岭土、乳化油、部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）组成的多种模拟污水也有较
好的净化效果，375 mg/L 的 A-MNPs 可使含油质量浓度 10 g/L 复杂模拟污水透光度达到 86.5%以上。
关键词：含油污水；磁性纳米粒子；pH 敏感性；重复使用；水处理技术
中图分类号：X74 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 11-1935-07

Preparation of pH-sensitive Nanoparticles and Their
Purification of Oily Wastewater

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XIE Ze-hui , LIU Jian-xin 1,2* , WANG Tong-wang , DONG Yuan-wu , XU Wei
（1. College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, Hubei, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and
Gas Drilling Engineering in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430100, Hubei, China）
Abstract: Fe 3O 4 magnetic nanoparticles were first prepared by chemical coprecipitation method, and then
SiO 2 was coated on Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles by hydrolyzation of tetraethyl orthosilicate. Subsequently,
amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (A-MNPs) were obtained by grafting KH-550 on the
Fe 3O 4@SiO 2. The microscopic morphology, chemical composition and magnetic properties of nanoparticles
were tested by TEM, FTIR and VSM. Next, A-MNPs were applied to purify oily wastewater. It was found
that surface amino-functionalization of A-MNPs can improve their pH-sensitivity, thus, the reuse of
A-MNPs can be realized by changing pH value. When the pH value of solution was 4, A-MNPs exhibited
the best oil removal effect. When the concentration of A-MNPs was 200 mg/L, the light transmittance of
the simulated oily wastewater was 99.4%. However, when the concentration of A-MNPs was 500 mg/L, the
transmittance could be kept above 80% even after 10 times of repeated use. In addition, A-MNPs had better
purification effects for various simulated sewage composed of different concentrations of sodium chloride,
kaolinite, emulsified oil and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). 375 mg/L A-MNPs could make
the light transmittance of complex sewage reach more than 86.5% after purification.
Key words: complex oily wastewater; magnetic nanoparticles; pH-sensitivity; reuse; water treatment
Foundation items: Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2017CFB486);Innovation and
Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Hubei Province (2016098);Innovation Practice
Training Program for College Students in Chinese Academy of Sciences (201717001991)

收稿日期：2018-03-21; 定用日期：2018-06-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180194
基金项目：湖北省自然科学基金面上项目（2017CFB486）；2016 年湖北省大学生创新创业训练项目（2016098）；2017 年中国科学院
大学生创新实践训练计划（201717001991）
作者简介：谢泽辉（1997—），男，硕士生。联系人：柳建新（1974—），男，博士，副教授，电话：15926576316，E-mail：liujianxin925@163.com。