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第 35 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.8
201 8 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2018

油田化学品与油品添加剂
绿色含氮多功能润滑油添加剂的合成、

表征及其润滑性能

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廖俊旭 1,2 ，鲁 浩 ，戴康徐 ，赵鸿斌 ，韩利芬 ，方玉堂
（1. 东莞理工学院 化学工程与能源技术学院, 广东 东莞 523808；2. 华南理工大学 化学与化工学院 广
东 广州 510641）
摘要：以价廉易得的苯并三氮唑、丁二醇、哌嗪作为中心，连接酰胺、酯基、黄原酸酯和长链烷基等基团，合
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成了 4 种含氮多功能润滑油添加剂（Ⅰ~Ⅳ），并采用 HNMR、MALDI-TOF-MS 和 FTIR 表征了其分子结构。
考察了 4 种添加剂的热稳定性及在液体石蜡（LP）中的溶解性和铜片腐蚀性；在四球摩擦试验机上考察了其摩
擦学性能；用 SEM 和 EDS 测试和分析了钢球磨斑的表面形貌和元素组成，并初步探讨了其摩擦作用机理。结
果表明：4 种添加剂具有优良的热稳定性、油溶性、抗腐蚀性能和摩擦学性能；添加质量分数 1.0%Ⅰ油样的最
大无卡咬负荷（P B ）比液体石蜡高 61%，烧结负荷（P D ）是液体石蜡的 2 倍；添加质量分数 1.0% Ⅳ油样的钢
球磨斑直径（WSD）比液体石蜡降低了 43%；添加剂在摩擦过程中参与了摩擦化学反应，形成了复杂的反应膜。
关键词：润滑油；多功能添加剂；摩擦磨损；含氮化合物；油田化学品
中图分类号：TH117 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 08-1414-07

Synthesis, Characterization and Lubricating Properties of Green

Nitrogen-containing Multifunctional Lubricant Additives

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LIAO Jun-xu , LU Hao , DAI Kang-xu , ZHAO Hong-bin , HAN Li-fen , FANG Yu-tang
（1. School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808,
Guangdong, China; 2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou
510641, Guangdong, China）
Abstract: Four nitrogen-containing multifunctional lubricant additives, named as Ⅰ~Ⅳ, featuring
benzotriazole, butanediol and piperazine as center, and amide, ester, xanthate and long chain alkyl as wings,
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were efficiently synthesized. Their molecular structures were characterized by HNMR, MALDI-TOF-MS
and FTIR. The thermal stability, solubility in liquid paraffin (LP) and corrosion resistance of four additives
were studied. The tribological properties were systematically investigated on a four-ball machine. The
surface morphology and elemental composition of the worn scars of the tested steel balls were characterized
and analyzed by SEM and EDS. The action mechanism was also discussed. The results indicated that these
additives possessed excellent thermal stability, oil solubility, corrosion resistance and tribological properties.
The maximum non-seizure load (P B value) of oil sample with 1.0% Ⅰ(mass fraction, the same below) was
61% higher than that of liquid paraffin, and the sintered load (P D value) was twice as large as liquid paraffin.
The wear scar diameter (WSD) of oil sample with 1.0% Ⅳ was reduced by 43% compared with that of
liquid paraffin. The additive participated in tribo-chemical reaction during the friction process, in which
formed a complex reaction membrane.
Key words: lubricating oil; multi-functional additives; friction and wear; N-containing compound; oil-field
chemicals

收稿日期：2017-10-12; 定用日期：2018-02-12; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20170820
基金项目：东莞市社会科技发展项目（2015108101003）；广东省普通高校特色创新项目（2015KTSCX136）；中国博士后科学基金
（2017M612656）
作者简介：廖俊旭（1983—），男，博士，工程师。联系人：赵鸿斌（1960—），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：zhaohbhanlf@163.com；
方玉堂（1964—），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：ppytfang@scut.edu.cn。