Page 181 - 精细化工2019年第10期
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第 36 卷第 10 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.10
2019 年 10 月 FINE CHEMICALS Oct. 2019
精细化工中间体
环丙基乙炔的合成研究
2
1*
张 洁 1,2 ,陈亚红 1,2* ,田丰收 ,王瑞勇
(1. 郑州大学 化学与分子工程学院,河南 郑州 450000;2. 周口师范学院 化学化工学院,河南 周口
466001)
摘要:以环丙基甲基酮为起始原料,五氯化磷为氯化试剂,采用先氯化后消除的工艺合成了依非韦伦关键中间
体环丙基乙炔。针对二氯代物中间体(1,1-二氯乙基)环丙烷和一氯代物中间体(1-氯乙烯基)环丙烷消除反应
活性的不同,分别在三乙胺和氢氧化钾存在下进行分步消除反应,对消除反应的实验条件进行了优化。得到优
化的合成条件为:在 3%吡啶(以环丙基甲基酮质量为基准,下同)、10~15 ℃下进行氯化反应;以三乙胺为碱,
回流状态下进行一步消除反应;在 KOH/DMSO 体系中于 110 ℃进行二步消除反应。在该条件下,以环丙基甲
基酮计,环丙基乙炔单程收率可达 49%。同时建立了三乙胺的回收套用工艺,进一步降低了成本,具有良好的
工业化前景。
关键词:依非韦伦;环丙基甲基酮;环丙基乙炔;精细化工中间体
中图分类号:TQ463 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2019) 10-2147-04
Study on the Synthesis of Cyclopropyl Acetylene
1,2
1*
1,2
ZHANG Jie , CHEN Ya-hong 1,2* , TIAN Feng-shou , WANG Rui-yong
(1. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China; 2. College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, ZhoukouNormal University, Zhoukou 466001, Henan, China)
Abstract: Cyclopropyl acetylene, as a key intermediate of efavirenz, was synthesized by chlorination
followed by elimination using cyclopropyl methyl ketone as starting material and phosphorus pentachloride
as chlorination reagent. For the different elimination reactivity of dichlorinated intermediate, (1,1-
dichloroethyl) cyclopropane, and monchlorinated intermediate, (1-chlorovinyl) cyclopropane, the stepwise
elimination reactions were carried out in the presence of triethylamine and potassium hydroxide,
respectively.The experimental conditions of elimination reaction were optimized.The results showed that
the chlorination reaction was conducted in 3% pyridine (based on the mass of cyclopropyl methyl ketone,
the same below), at 10~15 ℃. Taking triethylamine as base, one step elimination reaction was carried out
under reflux. Two-steps elimination reaction was performed at 110 ℃ in the KOH/DMSO system. Under
these conditions, a one-way yield as high as 49% of cyclopropyl acetylene was obtained based on
cyclopropyl methyl ketone. At the same time, the recycling process for triethylamine was established, which
further reduced the cost and had a good prospects for industrialization.
Key words: efavirenz; cyclopropyl methyl ketone; cyclopropyl acetylene; fine chemical intermediates
环丙基乙炔是合成抗艾滋病药物依非韦伦的关 稳定的结构,其合成存在副产物多、收率低等问题,
键中间体 [1-4] 。近年来,随着艾滋病发病率的提高和 是精细化工领域的研究难题。
依非韦伦用量的增加,环丙基乙炔的需求也日趋强 为寻求适于工业化的环丙基乙炔合成工艺,国
劲。然而,由于环丙基乙炔分子由含张力的三元环 内外一些研究机构对其合成方法进行了探索。
和易聚合的端炔直接相连构成,在热力学上属于不 Dupont、Merck 以及日本可乐丽公司均开发了以环
收稿日期:2019-03-01; 定用日期:2019-04-25; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190160
基金项目:河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(1721102310626)
作者简介:张 洁(1994—),女,硕士生。联系人:陈亚红(1975—),女,教授,E-mail:chen-yh75@163.com;王瑞勇(1974—),
男,教授,E-mail:wangry@zzu.edu.cn。