Page 123 - 201904

第 36 卷第 4 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.4
201 9 年 4 月 FINE CHEMICALS Apr. 2019

生物工程
向日葵茎髓提取物的抑菌活性及机制

1
陈小强 1,2 ，张 鹤 ，杨逢建 1,2 ，祖元刚 1,2 ，张 莹 1,2*
〔1. 东北林业大学 森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040；2. 生物资源生态利用
国家地方联合工程实验室（黑龙江），黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040〕

摘要：以向日葵茎髓为原料，制得 3 种不同极性向日葵茎髓提取物。采用琼脂扩散法测定 3 种不同极性向日葵
茎髓提取物对 4 种受试菌的抑菌活性；并以其中的金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌为研究对象，探讨了乙酸乙酯萃
取部位（EE）的抑菌机制。结果显示：不同极性萃取部位对 4 种受试菌均有一定抑制作用。其中，EE 处理金黄
色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌质量浓度（MIC）均为 0.78 g/L，半数抑制质量浓度（IC 50 ）分别为（1.110.01）
和（1.590.03）g/L；抑菌作用与其总酚、总黄酮含量呈显著正相关性（P<0.05）。通过 SEM 分析发现，EE 处
理引起菌体形态变化，破坏菌体的细胞膜结构；EE 可增加金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌细胞膜结构的通透性，使
菌体内的电解质、蛋白质、碱性磷酸酶向胞外泄露；应用 4,6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚（DAPI）染色和荧光检测发现，
EE 能干扰细菌遗传物质（DNA）的复制，最终抑制受试菌增殖。
关键词：向日葵茎髓；提取物；抑菌活性；作用机制；生物工程
中图分类号：R284.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 04-0649-09

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Sunflower Stalk Pith Extracts

1,2
1
1,2
1,2
CHEN Xiao-qiang , ZHANG He , YANG Feng-jian , ZU Yuan-gang , ZHANG Ying 1,2*
（1. Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040,
Heilongjiang, China; 2. State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-resource Eco-Utilization, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150040,
Heilongjiang, China）
Abstract: Three different polarity extracts were prepared from sunflower stalk pith. The agar diffusion
assay was used to investigate the antibacterial activities of the extracts against four tested bacteria, and the
action mechanism of the ethyl acetate extract (EE) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was
discussed. The results showed that all extracts had certain bacteriostatic effects on the four tested bacteria.
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
treated by EE were 0.78 g/L, and the corresponding IC 50 values were (1.11±0.01) and (1.59±0.03) g/L,
respectively. There was positive correlation between the antibacterial activities and the content of total
phenols and total flavonoids (P<0.05). The damaged membrane structures induced by EE were observed by
SEM. EE also increased the permeability of the cell wall and cell membrane of the tested bacterial strains
with the release of the electrolytes, proteins and alkline phosphatase (AKP) in the cell. Finally, the results of
4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining assay revealed that EE could inhibit the replication of
bacterial genetic material (DNA) and ultimately inhibit bacterial reproduction.
Key words: sunflower stalk pith; extracts; antibacterial activity; action mechanism; biological engineering
Foundation items: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2572015CB18); National
Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD060070601-7); Special Fund for Forest

收稿日期：2018-09-03; 定用日期：2019-02-14; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180650
基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2572015CB18）；“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD060070601-7）；林
业公益性行业科研专项经费项目（20140470102）；黑龙江省博士后科研启动金项目（LBH－Q15009）；黑龙江省博士后资助经费项目
（LBH－Z15006）
作者简介：陈小强（1974—），男，副教授，博士，E-mail：xiaoqiang_chen@nefu.edu.cn。联系人：张 莹（1975—），女，副研究员，
E-mail：yingzhang@nefu.edu.cn。