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第 36 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.6
201 9 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2019
有机电化学与工业

Si/VGCF 复合材料的储锂性能

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程 序，项佳楠，姚伟颉，田建华，周雪琴
（天津大学 化工学院，天津 300350）

摘要：以纳米硅颗粒为原料，采用液相法制备了硅纳米粒子与气相生长碳纤维（VGCF）复合的材料（Si/VGCF）。
考察了 Si/VGCF 制备工艺和 VGCF 的最佳含量，分别采用 SEM 和 TEM 表征了 Si/VGCF 材料形貌和晶体结构，
测试和计算了材料电导、BET 比表面积和孔尺寸数据。采用循环伏安、恒流充放电和交流阻抗等测试了 Si/VGCF
复合电极的电化学性能，并与其他碳材料进行了对比分析。结果表明，Si 与 VGCF 形成了多级框架结构，丰富
了离子和电子传输网络；同时发达的孔结构也缓解了 Si 粒子在嵌/脱锂过程中的体积效应，使电极活性材料的利
用率和电化学稳定性显著提高。当 m(Si)∶m(VGCF)为 1∶0.5 时，Si/VGCF 复合电极在 500 mA/g 的电流密度下，
充放电循环 100 次后，可逆容量高达 1470 mAh/g。
关键词：锂离子电池；硅碳复合材料；气相生长碳纤维；电化学性能；有机电化学与工业
中图分类号：TM912 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 06-1185-06

Lithium Storage Properties of Si/VGCF Composite Materials

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CHENG Xu, XIANG Jia-nan, YAO Wei-jie, TIAN Jian-hua, ZHOU Xue-qin
（School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China）

Abstract: Si/vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF) composite materials were prepared by liquid phase mixing
method using nano-silicon particles as raw materials. The preparation conditions of the Si/VGCF composite
materials, the optimum content of VGCF were investigated. The morphology and crystal structure of the
Si/VGCF samples were characterized using SEM and TEM. The electrical conductivity, BET specific
surface area and pore size of the Si/VGCF composite materials were tested and calculated. The
electrochemical properties of the Si/VGCF electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry,
galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The properties
of the Si/VGCF composite materials were compared with other carbon composite materials. The results
indicated that Si and VGCF formed ahierarchical network structure, which enhanced the ions and electrons
conductive channels. Also, the structure with the rich pores alleviated the volume effect of Si particles
+
during the processes of the intercalation/deintercalation of Li , which significantly improved the utilization
and electrochemical stability of the electrode active materials. For example, when m(Si)∶m(VGCF) was
1∶0.5, the Si/VGCF electrode delivered a reversible capacity of 1470 mA·h/g at a current density of
500 mA/g after 100 cycles.
Key words: lithium ion batteries; Si/C composites; vapor-grown carbon fiber; electrochemical performance;
electro-organic chemistry and industry
Foundation items: National Nature Science Foundation of China (21776207) and National Key Research
and Development Plan of China (2016YFB0100511)

目前，锂离子电池负极材料主要为石墨类碳材， 料近些年的关注度越来越高。硅的理论比容量较高、
其理论比容量和能量密度较低，因而非碳类负极材 电压平台较低、资源丰富、生产成本低且安全环保，

收稿日期：2018-10-29; 定用日期：2019-01-30; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180798
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（21776207）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFB0100511）
作者简介： 程 序（1992—），男，硕士生。联系人：周雪琴（1974—），女，副教授，电话：022-27400911，E-mail：zhouxueqin@
tju.edu.cn。