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第 36 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.6
201 9 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2019

表面活性剂
季铵盐类阳离子表面活性剂微乳液的增溶性能

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王 龙 ，刘会娥 ，陈 爽 ，于文赫 2,3 ，张秀霞
（1. 中国石油大学 重质油国家重点实验室，山东 青岛 266580；2. 石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重
点实验室，北京 102206；3. 中国石油安全环保技术研究院，北京 102206）
摘要：以季铵盐类阳离子表面活性剂十八烷基三甲基氯化铵（OTAC）及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）
微乳液体系为研究对象，考察了其对单一有机物和有机混合物（正辛烷、正十二烷-正己烷、正十二烷-正
庚烷、正十二烷-正辛烷）的增溶性能，探究了 Winsor Ⅲ 型微乳液最佳醇用量（A*）及最佳增溶参数（SP*）
的变化规律。结果发现：两种阳离子表面活性剂微乳体系表现出相似的规律，即随着 NaCl 质量分数的增加，
SP*单调递增，A*单调递减；随着表面活性剂质量分数的增加，A*持续增大，SP*先增大后减小。油相为二组分
有机混合物的微乳体系时，A*和 SP*仅与有机混合物等效烷基碳数（EACN）有关，与混合物的种类无关。
将拟合所得二组分有机混合物的微乳体系 A*和 SP*与 EACN关系式用于预测四组分混合有机物的 A*和 SP*，
与实验值对比发现两者吻合较好，表明可以用所得函数关系式预测相近 EACN 范围内的 A*和 SP*。
关键词：表面活性剂；微乳液；溶解性；最佳醇用量；最佳增溶参数
中图分类号：O648.2+3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 06-1091-06

Solubilization Performance for Quaternary Ammonium Salt
Cationic Surfactants Microemulsion Systems

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WANG Long , LIU Hui-e , CHEN Shuang , YU Wen-he , ZHANG Xiu-xia
（1. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, China; 3. CNPC Research Institute of Safety
and Environmental Technology, Beijing 102206, China）
Abstract: Two kinds of microemulsion systems for quaternary ammonium salts surfactants,
octadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (OTAC) and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), were
studied on their solubilization properties for single organic compound and organic mixtures (n-octane and
binary mixtures of n-dodecane/n-hexane, n-dodecane/n-heptane, n-dodecane/n-octane). The optimal alcohol
dosage (A*) and optimum solubilization parameter (SP*) of Winsor Ⅲ microemulsions were explored.
The results suggested that the two surfactant microemulsion systems showed similar patterns. With the
increase of mass concentration of NaCl, SP* increased monotonically and A* decreased monotonically. With
the increase of surfactant mass concentration, A* kept increasing trend, while SP* increased first and then
decreased. For the binary organic mixtures, A* and SP* were only related to the equivalent alkyl carbon
number (EACN) of the organic mixture, regardless of the components of mixture. The fitted equations for
the binary organic mixtures were used in the prediction for quaternary organic mixtures. The predicted A*
and SP* data coincide with the experimental values satisfactorily, which means that the obtained functional
relationship can be used to predict A* and SP* in the similar range of EACN for different organic mixtures.
Key words: surfactant; microemulsion; solubility; optimal alcohol dosage; optimal solubilization parameter
Foundation items: Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2017MB015); China National
Petroleum Corporation Science & Technology Development Project (2017D-5007-0601); Project of State

收稿日期：2018-09-28; 定用日期：2019-01-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180725
基金项目：山东省自然科学基金（ZR2017MB015）；中国石油科技创新基金项目（2017D-5007-0601）；重质油国家重点实验室资助项
目（SLKZZ-2017002）
作者简介：王 龙（1991—），男，硕士生。联系人：刘会娥（1972—），女，教授，E-mail：liuhuie@upc.edu.cn。