Page 43 - 《精细化工》2020年第5期

第 37 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.5
202 0 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2020

功能材料
基于单宁酸制备可喷涂超疏水材料

廖正芳，张 伟，孟小琪，王鸿月，
*
阿尔普丁·艾尼娃尔，左 芳
（西南民族大学 化学与环境保护工程学院，四川 成都 610041）

摘要：通过正硅酸乙酯水解合成了二氧化硅纳米粒子并形成凝胶颗粒，加入单宁酸以优化其形貌，以六甲基二
硅氮烷为表面改性剂，合成了具有低表面能的超疏水喷涂材料。并用动态光散射仪（DLS）与扫描电镜（SEM）
对其表征。将其分散于乙醇，并对纸张、玻璃、铝箔、木板、棉质纺织物、塑料泡沫等常见表面进行喷涂，均
在短时间内构成了超疏水表面，水接触角均在 150.0°以上。随后，考察了所制备超疏水涂层在受外力破坏后的
自修复性与耐磨性。结果显示：1 g/L 的喷涂液仅需喷三层即可构建超疏水表面，得到的涂层具有良好的透明性；
超疏水涂层在受外力损坏后可用有机溶剂进行快速简易的自修复；且喷涂后的玻璃片在砂纸上负重磨损距离达
到 1000 mm 后，接触角从 153.5°降至 105.5°，再喷一层即可恢复到 154.0°。
关键词：单宁酸；喷涂法；超疏水材料；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ630.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2020) 05-0893-06

Preparation of sprayable superhydrophobic materials

based on tannic acid

LIAO Zhengfang, ZHANG Wei, MENG Xiaoqi, WANG Hongyue,
*
A Erpuding·Ai Niwaer, ZUO Fang
（College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
Sichuan, China）

Abstract: Silica gel nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate to form gel
particles. Tannic acid was added to optimize the morphology of the silica gel nanoparticles. A sprayable
superhydrophobic material with low surface energy was synthesized by using hexamethyldisilazane as
surface modifier, and characterized by DLS and SEM. Then, the superhydrophobic material was dispersed
in ethanol and the obtained dispersion was sprayed on common surfaces such as paper, glass, aluminum foil,
wood board, cotton textile and plastic foam, all of which formed super hydrophobic surfaces in a short time,
and the water contact angles were above 150.0°. Subsequently, the self-repair properties and wear resistance
of the prepared superhydrophobic coating after being destroyed by external force were investigated. The
results showed that the superhydrophobic surface could be constructed by 1 g/L spray solution spraying
with only three layers, and had good transparency. The superhydrophobic coating could be repaired by
organic solvent quickly and easily after being damaged by external force. Furthermore, after the sprayed
glass were rubbed with heavy on the sand paper for 1000 mm, the contact angle of the sprayed glass
decreased from 153.5° to 105.5°, and then sprayed one layer it was restored to 154.0°.
Key words: tannic acid; spraying method; superhydrophobic materials; functional materials

[1]
从荷叶、水黾等得到启发后，仿生超疏水表面 的构建一直是学者研究的热门课题之一 。超疏水

收稿日期：2019-12-31; 定用日期：2020-04-09; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20191224
基金项目：西南民族大学研究生创新型科研项目（CX2018SZ128）
作者简介：廖正芳（1993—），女，硕士生，E-mail：LiaoZfpolymer@163.com。联系人：左 芳（1980—），女，研究员，E-mail：
polymerzf@swun.cn。