Page 207 - 《精细化工》2021年第11期

第 11 期 牛 静，等: 微米级 P-Si@a-TiO 2 负极材料的制备及电化学性能 ·2353·

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for lithium ions batteries synthesized by templated magnesiothermic
图 10 P-Si@1a-TiO 2 、P-Si@2a-TiO 2 和 P-Si@3a-TiO 2 电极
route[J]. Materials Letters, 2015, 152: 256-259.
循环前（a、c、e）和循环后（b、d、f）的 SEM 图 [8] WU J L, LIU J H, WANG Z, et al. N-doped gel-structures for
Fig. 10 SEM images of P-Si@1a-TiO 2 , P-Si@2a-TiO 2 and construction of long cycling Si anodes at high current densities for
P-Si@3a-TiO 2 electrodes before cycle test (a, c, e) high performance lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Materials
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由图 10 可知，循环实验前的电极形貌表面较为 chemical etching for high energy density lithium-ion battery[J].
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粗糙，有球形的颗粒物。经过循环测试后，表面变
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得致密，但是出现了不同程度的裂纹。P-Si@1a-TiO 2 materials with high initial coulombic efficiency and long cycling
电极表面出现大量的细裂纹，P-Si@3a-TiO 2 电极表 stability[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018, 6: 3022-3027.
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面则出现了明显的局部崩塌和粉化现象，分析认为 Si microspheres from low-cost precursors for high-capacity electrode[J].
是过厚的缓冲层使得多孔结构不能更好地发挥作 Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2019, 43(46): 18220-18228.
[12] SU J M, ZHANG C C, CHEN X, et al. Carbon-shell-constrained
用，使得内部的应力无法及时释放。P-Si@2a-TiO 2
silicon cluster derived from Al-Si alloy as long-cycling life lithium
电极较为完好，表面相对平坦，观察到少量细裂纹， ion batteries anode[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2018, 381: 66-71.
归因于适当厚度的非晶态 TiO 2 包覆层不仅有利于缓 [13] REN W F, WANG Y H, ZHANG Z L, et al. Carbon-coated porous
silicon composites as high performance Li-ion battery anode
冲体积膨胀，而且可以防止内部的 Si 核直接接触电 materials: Can the production process be cheaper and greener[J].
解液，从而获得极佳的循环持久性。 Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4: 552-560.
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本研究尝试了无定形 TiO 2 包覆微米多孔 Si 的 via aerosol spray drying and magnesiothermic reduction[J]. Nano
工作，证实了这种结构的可靠性。通过调控包覆层 Energy, 2019, 63: 103845.
[16] WANG K, XUE B, TAN Y, et al. Recycling of micron-mized Si
的厚度，可使其在缓冲体积膨胀与提高电化学性能
powder waste from diamond wire cutting and its application in Li-ion
方面达到平衡。测所得的最佳包覆层约为 10 nm， battery anodes[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 239: 117997.
制备的复合材料在 1.0 A/g 电流密度下循环 50 次后， [17] WANG K, TAN Y, LI P T, et al. Recycling Si waste cut from
diamond wire into high performance porous Si@SiO 2@C anodes for
放电比容量为 1357.4 mA·h/g。后续将在该结构的基 Li-ion battery[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020, 407: 124778.
础上再进行碳包覆，进一步改善 Si 的体积膨胀和导 [18] WANG K, TAN Y, LI P T, et al. Facile synthesis of double-layer-
constrained micron-sized porous Si/SiO 2/C composites for lithium-ion
电性差的问题，得到电化学性能更优的负极材料。
battery anodes[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2019, 11:
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参考文献： [19] HWA Y, KIM W S, YU B C, et al. Facile synthesis of Si/TiO 2
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