Page 222 - 《精细化工》2021年第11期

第 38 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.11
2021 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2021

纺织染整助剂
POSS/有机硅改性聚丙烯酸酯无氟

防水剂的合成与应用

周建华 1,2 ，王 琳 1,2 ，李 燕 1,2 ，李 红 1,2

（1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心 陕
西科技大学，陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸丁酯（BA）、丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEA）和功能化多面体低聚倍半硅氧
烷（POSS）为原料，通过无皂乳液聚合技术合成了 POSS/有机硅改性聚丙烯酸酯无氟防水剂，并将其应用于棉
织物整理。考察了软硬单体配比对乳液、乳胶膜及其应用性能的影响。利用 FTIR 和 DLS 对 POSS/有机硅改性
聚丙烯酸酯的结构及乳液的粒径进行了表征，利用伺服材料多功能高低温控制试验机、柔软度仪、SEM 对整理
织物的应用性能及表面形貌进行了表征。结果表明，当 m(BA)∶m(MMA)=6∶4 时，单体转化率最大，为 96.97%，
乳液凝胶率为 0.14%，乳液的粒径最小，为 104.8 nm，乳胶膜对水的接触角最大，可达 114.3°，并具有优异的
耐水性。整理棉织物表现出优异的力学性能和良好的柔软度，其对水的接触角可达 161°。SEM 结果表明，棉织
物纤维表面存在功能化 POSS 纳米粒子。无氟防水剂赋予棉织物纤维表面低的表面能和一定的粗糙结构，从而
使整理棉织物表现出超疏水性能。无氟防水剂对棉织物的透湿性、透气性、白度几乎没有影响，并赋予了整理
棉织物良好的抗菌性。
关键词：无氟防水剂；多面低聚倍半硅氧烷；聚丙烯酸酯；无皂乳液；棉织物；纺织染整助剂
中图分类号：TS195.5；TQ423.96 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 11-2368-09

Synthesis and application of POSS/organosilicone modified

polyacrylate fluoride-free waterproof agent

1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
ZHOU Jianhua , WANG Lin , LI Yan , LI Hong
（1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education,
Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)/organosilicone modified polyacrylate fluorine-free
waterproof agent was synthesized by soap-free emulsion polymerization technology using methyl methacrylate
(MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and functional POSS as raw materials. Then it
was applied to cotton fabric finishing. The influence of ratio of soft and hard monomers on the emulsion,
latex film and its application performance was investigated. The structure of POSS/organosilicone modified
polyacrylate and the particle size of the latex were characterized by FTIR and DLS. And the application
properties and surface morphology of the finished fabric were characterized by servo material multifunctional
high and low temperature control testing machine, softness meter, and SEM. The results showed that when
m(BA)∶m(MMA) was 6∶4, the maximum conversion rate of monomer was 96.97%, the gel rate of
emulsion was 0.14%, the minimum size of the latex was 104.8 nm, as well as the latex film had the maximum
water contact angle of 114.3° and excellent water resistance. The finished cotton fabric showed excellent
mechanical properties and good softness with a water contact angle of 161°. SEM results revealed that there
were functional POSS nanoparticles on the surface of cotton fibric. This fluorine-free waterproof agent

收稿日期：2021-04-13; 定用日期：2021-07-26; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210384
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（21978162）；西安市科技计划项目（2019216514GXRC001CG002-GXYD1.3）
作者简介：周建华（1973—），女，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：zhoujianhua@sust.edu.cn。