Page 196 - 《精细化工》2021年第12期
P. 196
第 38 卷第 12 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.12
2021 年 12 月 FINE CHEMICALS Dec. 2021
水处理技术与环境保护
木质素复合细菌纤维素材料的制备及其吸油性能
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秦梓喻,曹丝诺,唐李雯,杨瑞婷,姜文其,尹学琼
(海南大学 海南省精细化工工程技术研究中心,海南 海口 570228)
摘要:为制备低成本且绿色环保的新型吸油材料,以细菌纤维素(BC)为基质,脱碱木质素(DL)为疏水改性
剂,通过低温浸渍法制备了木质素复合细菌纤维素材料(BC-DL);考察了原料预处理、反应时间、温度以及物
料比等对 BC-DL 疏水及吸油性能的影响。利用 FTIR、XPS、SEM、BET、接触角测量仪对材料的化学结构及
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微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明,DL 改性后 BC 的比表面积由未改性 BC 的 33.15 m /g 提升至 71.09 m /g,水
接触角由未改性 BC 的 19.5°增大到 116.8°。BC-DL 对花生油、柴油、真空泵废油的饱和吸附量分别为 34.8、33.7、
34.6 g/g;在经过 7 次循环后,饱和吸附量保留在 19.067、18.355 和 18.820 g/g,BC-DL 对 3 种油品均有良好的
吸附性能和循环利用性。
关键词:细菌纤维素;脱碱木质素;疏水改性;吸油材料;循环利用;水处理技术
中图分类号:TQ630 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2021) 12-2558-08
Preparation and oil absorption properties of lignin composite
bacterial cellulose material
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QIN Ziyu, CAO Sinuo, TANG Liwen, YANG Ruiting, JIANG Wenqi, YIN Xueqiong
(Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China)
Abstract: In order to prepare a new oil-absorbing material with low-cost and environmental protection,
lignin-composite bacterial cellulose material (BC-DL) was prepared by low-temperature impregnation
method using bacterial cellulose (BC) as matrix and dealkalized lignin (DL) as hydrophobic modifier. The
factors affecting the hydrophobicity and oil absorption of BC-DL such as pretreatment of raw material,
reaction time, reaction temperature and material ratio were investigated. The chemical structure and
morphology of the material were characterized by FTIR, XPS, SEM, BET and contact angle meter. The
results showed that compared with those of BC, the specific surface area of BC-DL increased from 33.15
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m /g to 71.09 m /g, and the water contact angle increased from 19.5° to 116.8°. The saturated adsorption
capacities of BC-DL for peanut oil, diesel oil and vacuum pump waste oil were 34.8, 33.7 and 34.6 g/g,
respectively, and those still remained at 19.067, 18.355 and 18.820 g/g after 7 cycles, which demonstrated
that BC-DL had good adsorption performance and recyclability for the three oils.
Key words: bacterial cellulose; dealkalized lignin; hydrophobic modification; oil-absorbing materials;
cyclic utilization; water treatment technology
随着石油化工、交通运输和制造业等领域的飞 利用吸油材料的吸附传导作用将被吸附物质带入材
速发展,含油废水的污染日益严重,如何处理含油 料内部,从而实现对油水混合体系的分离净化,故
[3]
废水已成为当前环境治理中面临的重大挑战。吸附 吸油材料的选取和制备尤为关键 。目前,常见的
分离法作为典型的含油废水处理技术,因具有高效、 吸油材料主要有高吸油性树脂(含聚丙烯基、烯烃
[4]
低成本且绿色等优点而受到广泛关注 [1-2] 。其主要是 基和聚氨酯基高分子聚合材料) 、疏水性海绵(聚
收稿日期:2021-04-25; 定用日期:2021-08-20; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210431
基金项目:之江国际青年人才基金(ZJ2020GZ010);海南大学科研启动基金〔KYQD(ZR)-21052〕;海南大学大学生创新创业项目
(201910589491)
作者简介:秦梓喻(1991—),男,讲师,E-mail:ziyuqin@ hainanu.edu.cn。联系人:尹学琼(1975—),女,教授,E-mail:yxq@hainanu.edu.cn。