Page 60 - 《精细化工》2021年第6期

第 38 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.6
202 1 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2021

功能材料
改性刺梧桐胶基吸水树脂的合成及防蒸发性能

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赵俊吉，叶喜娥，仇雪雁，刘晓梅，熊红冉，雷自强
（西北师范大学 化学化工学院 教育部生态功能高分子材料重点实验室 甘肃省生态环境高分子材料重点
实验室，甘肃 兰州 730070）

摘要：以刺梧桐胶（KG）、丙烯酸（AA）、氨基磺酸（AS）和坡缕石（APT）为原料，过硫酸铵（APS）为引
发剂，N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）为交联剂合成了复合高吸水树脂。考察了 KG 含量〔以 AA 质量（8.4000
g）为基准，下同〕、KG 与 AS 质量比，APS、MBA 含量和 AA 中和度对高吸水树脂吸水（盐）倍率的影响。
利用 FTIR、SEM、TG 对其结构和形貌进行了表征。测定了高吸水树脂的保水率、最大持水量和防蒸发性能。
模拟荒漠化区域，测定了高吸水树脂对沙土水分的蒸发性能。结果显示，在 KG、MBA、APS 含量分别为 AA
质量的 10%、0.07%、0.6%，APT 含量为 KG、AS、APS、MBA、AA 和 NaOH 的总质量的 2%，AA 中和度为
70%、m(AS)∶m(KG) = 1∶62.5 的最优合成条件下，合成的复合高吸水树脂在去离子水、自来水和质量分数 0.9%
的 NaCl 溶液中吸水倍率（1110、210 和 108 g/g）均高于两种市售保水剂，具有很好的耐盐性；在 12 h 内，树
脂在 25、45 和 60 ℃下的保水率分别达到 54.0%、14.4%和 8.0%；复合高吸水树脂含量为 0.10%~0.20%时，最
大持水量分别高于两种保水剂；复合高吸水树脂可有效地降低土壤水分蒸发。
关键词：高吸水树脂；防蒸发；刺梧桐胶；氨基磺酸；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ324.8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 06-1122-08

Synthesis and anti-evaporation performance of modified
karaya gum-based superabsorbent resin

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ZHAO Junji, YE Xi'e, QIU Xueyan, LIU Xiaomei, XIONG Hongran, LEI Ziqiang
（Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental
Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University,
Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China）

Abstract: Composite superabsorbent resin was synthesized by using karaya gum (KG), acrylic acid (AA),
sulfamic acid (AS) and palygorskite as raw materials, ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator and
N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as cross-linking agent. The effects of KG content (based on the mass
of AA, the same below), mass ratio of KG to AS, APS content, MBA content, and neutralization degree of
AA on the water absorbency of the superabsorbent resin were investigated. The structure and morphology
of the prepared superabsorbent resin were characterized by FTIR, SEM and TG. The water retention rate,
maximum water retention capacity and anti-evaporation performance of superabsorbent resin were
measured. The effects of superabsorbent resins on the water evaporation of soil and sand were tested in
simulated destertification area. The results showed that under the optimal synthesis conditions of KG, MBA
and APS contents being 10%, 0.07% and 0.6% of the mass of AA，APT content being 2% of KG, AS, APS,
MBA, AA and NaOH, AA neutralization 70%, m(AS)∶m(KG) = 1∶62.5, the water absorption rates of the
superabsorbent resin in deionized water, tap water and mass fraction 0.9% NaCl solution were 1110, 210
and 108 g/g respectively, which were higher than those of two commercially available water retaining
agents. The superabsorbent resin exhibited good salt tolerance. Within 12 h, the water retention rates of the
superabsorbent resin at 25, 45 and 60 ℃ reached 54.0%, 14.4% and 8.0%, respectively. The maximum

收稿日期：2020-11-29; 定用日期：2021-02-07; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20201109
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51863019）
作者简介：赵俊吉（1993—），女，硕士生，E-mail: 371917022@qq.com。联系人：雷自强（1958—），男，教授，E-mail: leizq@nwnu.edu.cn。