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·1392·                            精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 38 卷

            的光催化活性，还可以提高织物的抗紫外性。                               参考文献：
            2.7   抗菌性能分析                                       [1]   SAXENA A, TRIPATHI R M, SINGH R P. Biological synthesis of
                 对纳米粒子整理后的棉织物的抗菌性能进行了                              silver nanoparticles by using  onion (Allium cepa)  extract and their
                                                                   antibacterial activity[J]. Nanomater Bios, 2010, 5: 427-432.
            测试，结果如表 3 所示。                                      [2]   CRUZ D, FALE  P L, MOURATO A,  et al. Preparation and
                                                                   physicochemical characterization of Ag nanoparticles biosynthesized
                    表 3   纳米粒子整理后棉织物的抑菌率                           by  Lippia citriodora  (lemon verbena)[J]. Colloids and  Surfaces B:
            Table 3    Antibacterial rates of cotton fabrics after nanoparticles   Biointerfaces, 2010, 81: 67-73.
                    finishing                                  [3]   KHAN S A, BELLO B A, KHAN J A, et al. Albizia chevalier based
                                                                   Ag nanoparticles: Anti-proliferation bactericidal and pollutants degradation
                                       抑菌率/%                       performance[J]. Photochem Photobiol B, 2018, 182: 62-70.
                棉织物样品
                               大肠杆菌         金黄色葡萄球菌            [4]   PREETHI S, ABARNA  K, NITHYASRI M,  et al. Synthesis and
                                                                   characterization of chitosan/zinc  oxide nanocomposite  for antibacterial
              ZnO-棉织物            97.56          96.34              activity onto cotton fabrics and dye degradation applications[J].
              ZnO/Ag-棉织物         99.98          99.93              International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020, 164:
                                                                   2779-2787.
                                                               [5]   CHEN L, BATJIKH I, HURH J, et al. Green synthesis of zinc oxide
                 由表 3 可知，ZnO-棉织物对大肠杆菌和金黄                           nanoparticles from root extract of  Scutellaria baicalensis  and its
            色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达到 95%以上，具有非常                                photocatalytic degradation activity using methylene blue[J]. Optik,
                                                                   2019 184: 324-329.
            好的抗菌性能；而 ZnO/Ag-棉织物的抑菌率达到                          [6]   CHEN Q (陈茜), WANG Q  (王琪), WANG X  J  (王小菊),  et al.
            99.9%以上，具有极好的抗菌性能。这是因为，在                               Synthesis and optical property of Ag/ZnO nanocomposite[J]. New
                                                                   Chemical Materials (化工新型材料), 2020, 48(6): 134-137, 143.
            光照条件下，纳米 ZnO 和纳米 Ag 能够产生具有很
                                                               [7]   HUANG Z (黄珍), LI H (李欢), HU H P (胡海平), et al. Preparation
            强氧化性的活性氧自由基和羟自由基，能够氧化分                                 and visible light activity of carbon-coated nitrogen- doped nano-zinc
            解与之接触的细菌         [27] 。另外当纳米 ZnO 和纳米 Ag                oxide photocatalysis[J]. Function Materials (功能材料), 2020, 51(10):
                                                                   10122-10128.
            吸附在细菌表面时，还能与细菌体内的蛋白质、生                             [8]   SUN X Z (孙晓竹), QUAN J (权静), NIE H L (聂华丽),  et al.
            物酶以及核酸上的官能团如巯基、胺基等发生反应                                 Preparation of nano ZnO-loaded cotton fabric and its photocatalytic
                                                                   property[J]. Textile Auxiliaries (印染助剂), 2015, 32(11): 21-24.
            阻碍细菌体内的生物化学合成及生理机能，导致细
                                                               [9]   FENG J D (冯俊丹), CUI Z H (崔振华), CHENG D L (程德亮), et al.
            菌死亡    [28] 。因此 ZnO/Ag-棉织物的抗菌性能优于                      Antibacterial and UV-resistant finishing of viscose fabric with
            ZnO-棉织物。                                               nano-ZnO[J]. Knitting Industry (针织工业), 2020, (11): 24-28.
                                                               [10]  JAWAD ALI. Facile biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Conyza
                 GB/T 20944.3—2008 [20] 规定：当样品对大肠杆                 canadensis leaves extract and their enhanced anti-bacterial and
            菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率≥70%时，样品具有                                catalytic application[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical
                                                                   Technology (北京化工大学), 2019.
            抗菌效果。GB 15979—2002       [29] 要求医用纺织品的抑
                                                               [11]  SANGEETHA G, RAJESHWAR S, VENCKATESH R. Green
            菌率要达到 99%以上。因此，ZnO-棉织物和 ZnO/Ag-                        synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by aloe barbadensis miller leaf
            棉织物均具有抗菌效果，且 ZnO/Ag-棉织物达到了                             extract: Structure and optical properties[J]. Materials Research Bulletin,
                                                                   2011, 46: 2560-2566.
            医用抗菌级别。                                            [12]  GUNALAN S, SIVARAJ R, RAJENDRAN V. Green synthesized
                                                                   ZnO nanoparticles against bacterial and fungal pathogens[J]. Progress in
            3    结论                                                Natural Science: Materials Intermational, 2012, 22(6): 693-700.
                                                               [13]  GAO D G (高党鸽), LI Y J (李亚娟), LYU B (吕斌), et al. Research
                                                                   progress in preparation of nano silver and its application in textiles[J].
                （1）采用植物还原法绿色制备了纳米 ZnO 和纳
                                                                   Journal of Textile Research (纺织学报), 2018, 39(8): 171-178.
            米 Ag，采用浸轧法将纳米粒子负载到棉织物上，制                           [14]  BALCI O, ALVER U, BESEN B S, et al. In-situ generation of ZnO
            备了多功能棉织物。棉织物表面负载的纳米 ZnO 和                              on the textile surfaces by hydrothermal method[J]. Ind Textila, 2014,
                                                                   65(2): 80-84.
            纳米 Ag 的平均粒径分别为 27.4 和 24.9 nm，分布较                  [15]  WU Y P (巫云萍). Preparation and finishing of cotton fabrics with
            均匀发生了轻微团聚。                                             silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles and their antibacterial and UV
                                                                   resistance[D]. Kaifeng: Henan University (河南大学), 2018.
                （2）纳米 ZnO 比纳米 TiO 2 具有更好的光催化
                                                               [16]  CHEN W D (陈文豆), ZHANG H (张辉), CHEN T Y (陈天宇), et al.
            降解有机污染物的活性，能够赋予织物更好的自                                  Self-cleaning  properties of  titanium dioxide modified polyester/cotton
            清洁性能。ZnO/Ag-棉织物的自清洁能力和耐洗自                              blend fabrics[J]. Journal of Textile  Research (纺织学报), 2020,
                                                                   41(7): 122-128, 134.
            清洁性能均优于 ZnO-棉织物，且抗紫外效果和抗                           [17]  HUANG W M (黄文茂), ZHAO Y P (赵亚萍), CAI Z S (蔡再生).
            菌效果也更好，说明纳米 Ag 能够提升纳米 ZnO                              Preparation  of  novel visible light response photocatalyst and  its
                                                                   application in textiles[J]. Technical Textiles (产业用纺织品), 2019,
            的光催化降解能力且提供更好的抗紫外和抗菌效
                                                                   37(10): 35-42.
            果，赋予织物优异的自清洁、抗紫外以及抗菌的                              [18]  LI B Y (李邦玉). Preparation and performance assessment method of
            多功能性，有利于纳米 ZnO 在家居、服装等方面                               nano self-cleaning textiles[J]. Journal of Suzhou Vocational University
                                                                   (苏州市职业大学学报), 2015, 26(3): 2-5.
            的应用开发。                                                                           （下转第 1458 页）
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