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第 39 卷第 3 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.39, No.3
             2022 年 3 月                              FINE CHEMICALS                                 Mar.  2022


              综论
                        基于可逆共价键自修复聚氨酯的研究进展



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                                  刘   超    1,3 ,薛   新 ,殷   青 ,李   茜 ,
                                                                               5
                                         鲍   艳    3,4 ,马建中       3,4 ,石   磊
                 (1.  陕西省轻化工助剂化学与技术协同创新中心,陕西  西安  710021;2.  陕西科技大学  化学与化工学
                 院,陕西  西安  710021;3.  西安市绿色化学品与功能材料重点实验室,陕西  西安  710021;4.  陕西科
                 技大学  轻工科学与工程学院,陕西  西安  710021;5.  浙江禾欣科技有限公司,浙江  嘉兴  314003)


                 摘要:聚氨酯作为一种新兴的有机高分子材料,被誉为“第五大塑料”,以其优异的综合性能而广泛应用于轻工、
                 建筑、汽车、航空和航天等领域。但是,其在加工或使用过程中,难免因外力作用而发生结构破坏,从而极大
                 地降低了材料的力学性能和产品的使用寿命。可逆共价键是一种能够在一定条件下实现可逆断裂与重组的动态
                 共价键。因此,将其引入聚氨酯分子链段中,不仅对材料力学性能影响小且能够赋予其自修复功能,从而显著
                 提升产品的使用寿命和附加值。该文综述了基于可逆共价键自修复聚氨酯的修复机理和应用研究进展,指出了
                 自修复材料研究过程中存在的一些问题,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。
                 关键词:可逆共价键;自修复;聚氨酯;机理;应用
                 中图分类号:TQ317;TQ323.8      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 03-0454-08


                             Research progress of self-healing polyurethane based

                                            on reversible covalent bonds

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                        LIU Chao , XUE Xin , YIN Qing , LI Xi , BAO Yan , MA Jianzhong , SHI Lei
                 (1. Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Xiʹan 710021, Shaanxi, China; 2.
                 College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xiʹan 710021, Shaanxi, China; 3.
                 Xi᾽an  Key Laboratory of  Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Xiʹan  710021,  Shaanxi, China; 4. College of
                 Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi  University of Science  & Technology,  Xiʹan  710021, Shaanxi,
                 China; 5. Zhejiang Hexin Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314003, Zhejiang, China)
                 Abstract: Polyurethane, as a new organic polymer material, is known as the “fifth largest plastic”, and is
                 widely used in light industry, construction, automobile, aviation and aerospace fields due to its excellent
                 comprehensive properties. However, in the process of processing or using, it is hard to avoid structural
                 damage due to external force, which greatly reduces the mechanical properties  of  its  materials and the
                 service life of its products. Reversible covalent bond is a kind of dynamic covalent bond and can realize
                 reversible fracture and recombination under a certain conditions. Therefore, the introduction of reversible
                 covalent bond into the polyurethane molecular chain has a small impact on the mechanical properties of the
                 material, and can give it a self-healing function, thereby significantly improving the service life and added
                 value  of its products. The  self-healing mechanism and application  research progress of self-healing
                 polyurethane  based  on  reversible covalent bonds are  reviewed. Some problems in  the  research of its
                 self-healing materials are pointed out, and the future development trend is prospected.
                 Key words: reversible covalent bonds; self-healing; polyurethane; mechanism; application



                 聚氨酯(PU)是通过异氰酸酯与多元醇/多元胺                        发生加成聚合反应合成的嵌段聚合物,因而可通过


                 收稿日期:2021-07-23;  定用日期:2021-11-01; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210752
                 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(22008145);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(21JY004);中国博士后科学基金(2021M692861);陕西高
                 校新型智库(陕西科技大学化工助剂与新材料发展研究中心)开放基金(ACNM-202110)
                 作者简介:刘   超(1988—),男,博士,讲师,E-mail:lc1010158@163.com。
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