Page 124 - 《精细化工》2023年第12期

第 40 卷第 12 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.40, No.12
2 023 年 12 月 FINE CHEMICALS Dec. 2023

功能材料
CNCs 增强相分离法构建 PVDF/PDMS 超疏水表面

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许 婧 ，项舟洋 ，王 强 ，宋 涛 1,2*
〔1. 华南理工大学 制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东 广州 510640；2. 齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学
院） 生物基材料与绿色造纸国家重点实验室 山东 济南 250353〕

摘要：采用非诱导相分离法，将纤维素纳米晶（CNCs）与两种聚合物（聚偏二氟乙烯和聚二甲基硅氧烷）进行
结合，利用 CNCs 之间的静电排斥力及其大比表面积特性有效降低相分离过程中聚合物的聚集，减小了粒子尺
寸，增强了粒子分散性，在棉布、木板和玻璃表面构造了精细、均匀的微纳米粗糙结构。采用 FTIR、SEM、
AFM、接触角测量仪、3D 光学轮廓仪对 CNCs 和超疏水表面的形貌、结构和超疏水性进行了表征。结果发现，
棉布、木板和玻璃表面的水接触角最高分别可达 158.0°、156.8°和 153.8°，滚动角最低分别为 2.0°、2.7°和 3.4°，
呈现出明显的超疏水特征。经过机械摩擦（约 500 次）、酸碱处理（pH 1~13）、温度变化（–40~40 °C）以及紫
外光照射（0~320 h）后，基材表面仍具有较好的超疏水性。此外，基材具有优异的自清洁性和油水分离效率，
超疏水棉布的最高分离效率可达 98.4%。
关键词：超疏水表面；纤维素纳米晶；聚偏二氟乙烯；聚二甲基硅氧烷；粗糙度；相分离；功能材料
中图分类号：TB34 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1003-5214 (2023) 12-2666-10 开放科学 (资源服务) 标识码 (OSID)：

Construction of PVDF/PDMS superhydrophobic surface by

CNCs enhanced phase-separation

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XU Jing , XIANG Zhouyang , WANG Qiang , SONG Tao 1,2*
[1. State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640,
Guangdong, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of
Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, China]
Abstract: Fine and uniform micro-nano rough structures were constructed on the surface of cotton cloth,
wood board and glass via non-induced phase separation method by combination of cellulose nanocrystals
(CNCs) with two polymers (polyvinylidene fluoride and polydimethylsiloxane). Both the aggregation
between polymers and particle sizes were effectively reduced during the phase separation owing to the
electrostatic repulsion between CNCs and their high surface area. The morphology and structure of the
CNCs and superhydrophobic surfaces were characterized by FTIR, SEM, AFM, contact angle measuring
instrument and 3D optical profilometer. It was found that the highest water contact angles of cotton cloth,
wood board and glass surface were 158.0°, 156.8° and 153.8°, respectively, and the lowest rolling angles
were 2.0°, 2.7° and 3.4°, respectively, clearly indicating superhydrophobic characteristics. The
superhydrophobicity of the substrate surface was retained very well after mechanical friction (over 500 times),
acid-base treatment (pH 1~13), temperature change (–40~40 ℃) and ultraviolet irradiation (0~320 h). In
addition, the substrates exhibited excellent self-cleaning and oil-water separation efficiency, with the
superhydrophobic cotton cloth showing maximum separation efficiency of up to 98.4%.
Key words: superhydrophobic surface; cellulose nanocrystals; polyvinylidene fluoride; polydimethylsiloxane;
roughness; phase separation; functional materials

收稿日期：2023-02-24; 定用日期：2023-04-14; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20230139
基金项目：制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目（202104）；生物基材料与绿色造纸国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目
（GZKF202123）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目（2020A1515010823）
作者简介：许 婧（1997—），女，硕士生，E-mail：970160684@qq.com。联系人：宋 涛（1980—），男，副教授，E-mail：songt@
scut.edu.cn。